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Polish literary historian Stanisław Kot provides the earliest printed attestation of part of the 19th-century Polish-language saying that "Poland was heaven for the nobility, purgatory for townfolk, hell for peasants, paradise for Jews", in an anonymous 1606 Latin [2] text, one of two that are jointly known by the Polish title, Paskwiliusze na królewskim weselu podrzucone ("Pasquils Planted ...
The Polish government condemned wanton violence against the Jewish minority, fearing international repercussions, but shared the view that the Jewish minority hindered Poland's development; in January 1937 Foreign Minister Józef Beck declared that Poland could house 500,000 Jews, and hoped that over the next 30 years 80,000–100,000 Jews a ...
Following the establishment of the Second Polish Republic after World War I and during the interwar period, the number of Jews in the country grew rapidly. According to the Polish national census of 1921, there were 2,845,364 Jews living in the Second Polish Republic; by late 1938 that number had grown by over 16 percent, to approximately 3,310,000, mainly through migration from Ukraine and ...
The Jewish diaspora (Hebrew: גוֹלָה, romanized: gōlā), dispersion (Hebrew: תְּפוּצָה, romanized: təfūṣā) or exile (Galuth, Hebrew: גָּלוּת gālūṯ; Yiddish: גלות, romanized: goles) [a] is the dispersion of Israelites or Jews out of their ancient ancestral homeland (the Land of Israel) and their subsequent ...
Official Russian policy would eventually prove to be substantially harsher to the Jews than that under independent Polish rule. The lands that had once been Poland were to remain the home of many Jews, as, in 1772, Catherine II, the tzarina of Russia, instituted the Pale of Settlement, restricting Jews to the western parts of the empire, which would eventually include much Poland although it ...
The English translation in The Koren Jerusalem Bible, which is Koren's Hebrew/English edition, is by Professor Harold Fisch, a Biblical and literary scholar, and is based on Friedländer's 1881 Jewish Family Bible, but it has been "thoroughly corrected, modernized, and revised". [18] The Koren Jerusalem Bible incorporates some unique features:
Listening to Stein’s comments (at the 6:36-minute mark), however, it is clear that she said “the Jewish people have homeland,” not “the Jewish people have Poland.”A representative of ...
1453 – Casimir IV of Poland ratifies again the General Charter of Jewish Liberties in Poland. 1500 – Some of the Jews expelled from Spain, Portugal and many German cities move to Poland. By the mid sixteenth century, some eighty percent of the world's Jews lives in Poland, [2] a figure that held steady for centuries.