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The British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) is an Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom situated in the Indian Ocean, halfway between Tanzania and Indonesia.The territory comprises the seven atolls of the Chagos Archipelago with over 1,000 individual islands, many very small, amounting to a total land area of 60 square kilometres (23 square miles). [3]
The first exchange of notes, signed on 30 December 1966, constituted an agreement concerning the availability for defence purposes of the British Indian Ocean Territory. [15] This was followed by agreements on the construction of a communications facility (1972), naval support facility (1976), construction contracts (1987), and monitoring ...
In 2010, the whole territory, as well as 545,000 square kilometres (210,426 sq mi) of ocean around the islands, was declared a marine reserve. [8] It is known formally as the Chagos Marine Protected Area, [9] because it is a "pristine ocean ecosystem now representing 16% of the world's fully protected coral reef."
Indian Ocean Territory may refer to one of two administrative units in the Indian Ocean: Australian Indian Ocean Territories (AIOT), two island groups under Australian sovereignty: Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands; British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT), an overseas territory of the United Kingdom.
In 2004 a review of the territories was made. [1] In 2012 the administration was reviewed by Australian parliamentary visits and enquiry. [2] Farzian Zainal is a community representative for, and the Treasurer of, the Indian Ocean Territories Regional Development Organisation, which is administered by the Australian government. [3] [4] [5]
A photo taken on December 15, 2024 shows the "Karihani" inter-island barge stranded among debris in Mamoudzou after the cyclone Chido hit France's Indian Ocean territory of Mayotte.
Mauritius claims sovereignty over the archipelago, which forms the British Indian Ocean Territory and is de facto controlled by the United Kingdom. To the north of the Chagos Archipelago are Peros Banhos , the Salomon Islands and Nelsons Island ; to the south-west are The Three Brothers , Eagle Islands , Egmont Islands and Danger Island .
Extent of the Indian Ocean according to the International Hydrographic Organization. This list of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Indian Ocean consists of 38 countries, with 13 in Africa, 22 in Asia, and 1 in Oceania that either border on or are in the Indian Ocean, as well as 2 European countries which administer several dependencies or overseas territories in the region.