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Myxoma is a rare, benign stromal tumor of mesenchymal origin often confused with other conjunctival stromal tumors. Conjunctival myxomas are thought to originate in Tenon's capsule and can masquerade as conjunctival lymphoma, lymphangioma, ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN), or amelanotic melanoma.
Myxomata are the most common primary cardiac tumor in adults, and are most commonly found within the left atrium near the valve of the fossa ovalis. Myxoma may also develop in the other heart chambers. [1] The tumor is derived from multipotent mesenchymal cells. [1] Cardiac myxoma can affect adults between 30 and 60 years of age. [2]
A myoma is a type of tumor that involves muscle cells. [1] There are two main types of myoma: Leiomyomas which occur in smooth muscle. [1] They most commonly occur as uterine fibroids, but may also form in other locations. Rhabdomyomas which occur in striated muscle. [1] [2] [3] They are rare tumors, occur in childhood and often become malignant.
Leiomyoma enucleated from a uterus. External surface on left; cut surface on right. Micrograph of a small, well-circumscribed colonic leiomyoma arising from the muscularis mucosae and showing fascicles of spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and elongated, cigar-shaped nuclei Immunohistochemistry for β-catenin in uterine leiomyoma, which is negative as there is only staining of cytoplasm ...
Many venomous snakes can produce myotoxins in their venom, causing myolysis either locally, at the site of a bite, or systemically throughout the body. [7] [8] This can cause muscle pain, weakness, and myoglobinuria (with the color of urine varying from a deep red to a muddy brown [7]), symptoms which can take several hours or days to manifest.
Rhabdomyomas may be either cardiac or extracardiac (occurring outside the heart). Extracardiac forms of rhabdomyoma are sub-classified into three distinct types: adult type, fetal type, and genital type. Cardiac rhabdomyomas are the most common primary tumor of the heart in infants and children. It has an association with tuberous sclerosis. [1]
Cutaneous myxoma appears as a little, slowly expanding dermal or subcutaneous lump that typically affects adults' heads and necks. [3] Alopecic lesions have been reported, [4] [5] characterized by hair tufts overlaying the lesion or even hypertrichosis. [6] Although usually painless, some people have reported experiencing discomfort or tenderness.
Removal is necessary when the fibroid causes pain or pressure, abnormal bleeding, or interferes with reproduction. The fibroids needed to be removed are typically large in size, or growing at certain locations such as bulging into the endometrial cavity causing significant cavity distortion.