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Sphex pensylvanicus is a large, black wasp, significantly larger than their congener Sphex ichneumoneus (the great golden digger wasp). [6] Males are smaller than females, at only 19–28 mm (0.7–1.1 in) long compared with typical female sizes of 25–34 mm (1.0–1.3 in). [2]
A black fly or blackfly [1] (sometimes called a buffalo gnat, turkey gnat, or white socks) is any member of the family Simuliidae of the Culicomorpha infraorder. It is related to the Ceratopogonidae, Chironomidae, and Thaumaleidae. Over 2,200 species of black flies have been formally named, of which 15 are extinct. [2]
The heaviest of this widespread, varied complex of insects is the Little Barrier Island giant weta, Deinacrida heteracantha, of New Zealand; one specimen weighed 71 g (2.5 oz) and measured nearly 10 cm (3.9 in), [2] giving it one of the largest insect weights ever known. These heavyweight insects can be over 9 cm (3.5 in) long.
Members of the subfamily Sarcophaginae are small to large flies 0.16–0.9 inches (4.1–22.9 mm) with black and gray longitudinal stripes on the thorax and checkering on the abdomen. Other key features include red eyes and a bristled abdomen. Abdominal sternites II and III are free and cover the margins of tergites.
These flies are very distinctive, being hairy and with a black thorax and abdomen. In flight they resemble a bumblebee. The inflated, curved, all-black abdomen is covered with stiff, straight bristles, especially at the end of the abdominal segments. The head is bright yellow, with occipital yellow bristles. The large compound eyes are dark brown.
The genus belongs to the Meganeuridae, a family including other similarly giant dragonfly-like insects ranging from the Late Carboniferous to Middle Permian. With single wing length reaching 32 centimetres (13 in) [ 1 ] and a wingspan about 65–75 cm (2.13–2.46 ft), [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] M. monyi is one of the largest-known flying insect species .
The host's reaction to fly attacks may include systemic illness, allergic reactions or even death, presumably mediated by histamine. In humans, this systemic reaction is known as "black fly fever" and is characterized by headaches, fever, nausea, adenitis, generalized dermatitis, and allergic asthma.
Black soldier fly larvae are used as feed for pets and livestock animals. The harvested pupae and prepupae are eaten by poultry, fish, pigs, lizards, turtles, and even dogs. [40] [41] The insect is one of the few insect species approved to be used as feed in aquaculture in the EU. [42] At the pupal stage, black soldier flies are at their ...
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