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The hydride reacts with the weak Bronsted acid releasing H 2. Hydrides such as calcium hydride are used as desiccants, i.e. drying agents, to remove trace water from organic solvents. The hydride reacts with water forming hydrogen and hydroxide salt. The dry solvent can then be distilled or vacuum transferred from the "solvent pot".
Potassium hydride is produced by direct combination of the metal and hydrogen at temperatures between 200 and 350 °C: 2 K + H 2 → 2 KH. This reaction was discovered by Humphry Davy soon after his 1807 discovery of potassium, when he noted that the metal would vaporize in a current of hydrogen when heated just below its boiling point. [4]: p.25
The magnesium monohydride molecule is a simple diatomic molecule with a magnesium atom bonded to a hydrogen atom. The distance between hydrogen and magnesium atoms is 1.7297Å. [32] The ground state of magnesium monohydride is X 2 Σ +. [1] Due to the simple structure the symmetry point group of the molecule is C ∞v. [32]
Binary hydrogen compounds in group 1 are the ionic hydrides (also called saline hydrides) wherein hydrogen is bound electrostatically. Because hydrogen is located somewhat centrally in an electronegative sense, it is necessary for the counterion to be exceptionally electropositive for the hydride to possibly be accurately described as truly behaving ionic.
Aluminium hydride reduces acetals to half protected diols. [1] Acetal reduction using aluminium hydride. Aluminium hydride reduces epoxide to the corresponding alcohol: [1] Epoxide reduction using aluminium hydride. The allylic rearrangement reaction carried out using aluminium hydride is a S N 2 reaction, and it is not sterically demanding: [1]
Lithium hydride is an inorganic compound with the formula Li H.This alkali metal hydride is a colorless solid, although commercial samples are grey. Characteristic of a salt-like (ionic) hydride, it has a high melting point, and it is not soluble but reactive with all protic organic solvents.
A metal hydride can be a thermodynamically a weak acid and a weak H − donor; it could also be strong in one category but not the other or strong in both. The H − strength of a hydride also known as its hydride donor ability or hydricity corresponds to the hydride's Lewis base strength. Not all hydrides are powerful Lewis bases.
The dihelium hydride cation, He 2 H +, is formed by the reaction of dihelium cation with molecular hydrogen: He + 2 + H 2 → He 2 H + + H. It is a linear ion with hydrogen in the centre. [22] The hexahelium hydride ion, He 6 H +, is particularly stable. [22] Other helium hydride ions are known or have been studied theoretically.