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Agents sent messages to the Abwehr in a simple code which was then sent on using an Enigma machine. The simple codes were broken and helped break the daily Enigma cipher. This breaking of the code enabled the Double-Cross System to operate. [19] From October 1944, the German Abwehr used the Schlüsselgerät 41 in limited quantities. [20]
The re-use of a permutation in the German Air Force METEO code as the Enigma stecker permutation for the day. [104] Mavis Lever, a member of Dilly Knox's team, recalled an occasion when there was an unusual message, from the Italian Navy, whose exploitation led to the British victory at the Battle of Cape Matapan.
Kozaczuk, Władysław (1984), Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher was Broken, and how it was Read by the Allies in World War Two, edited and translated by Christopher Kasparek (2 ed.), Frederick, Maryland: University Publications of America, ISBN 978-0890935477 A revised and augmented translation of W kręgu enigmy, Warsaw, Książka i Wiedza ...
The nations involved fielded a plethora of code and cipher systems, many of the latter using rotor machines. As a result, the theoretical and practical aspects of cryptanalysis, or codebreaking, were much advanced. Possibly the most important codebreaking event of the war was the successful decryption by the Allies of the German "Enigma" Cipher.
On 1 February 1942, the Enigma messages began to be encoded using a new Enigma version that had been brought into use. The previous 3-rotor Enigma model had been modified with the old reflector replaced by a thin rotor and a new thin reflector. Breaking Shark on 3-rotor bombes would have taken 50 to 100 times as long as an average Air Force or ...
Władysław Kozaczuk, Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher Was Broken, and How It Was Read by the Allies in World War Two, edited and translated by Christopher Kasparek, Frederick, MD, University Publications of America, 1984. Hugh Sebag-Montefiore, Enigma: the Battle for the Code, London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2000. (Provides information on ...
Dilly Knox, leading cryptologist, cracked the code of the commercial Enigma machines used in the Spanish Civil War, one of the British participants in the conference in which the Poles disclosed to their French and British allies their achievements in Enigma decryption, broke the Abwehr non-steckered Enigma
4-rotor Enigma equivalents with high-speed relays to sense stops: 57 Cobra: 36: 4-rotor Enigma equivalents with an electronic sensing unit designed by C. E. Wynn-Williams and Tommy Flowers' team at the GPO Research Station [49] (this machine was unreliable) 12 'New' [50] standard: 36: 3-rotor Enigma equivalents (with high-speed Siemens-type ...