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The Enigma machine is a cipher device developed and used in the early- to mid-20th century to protect commercial, diplomatic, and military communication.It was employed extensively by Nazi Germany during World War II, in all branches of the German military.
The Enigma machines produced a polyalphabetic substitution cipher.During World War I, inventors in several countries realised that a purely random key sequence, containing no repetitive pattern, would, in principle, make a polyalphabetic substitution cipher unbreakable. [6]
On 1 February 1942, the Enigma messages began to be encoded using a new Enigma version that had been brought into use. The previous 3-rotor Enigma model had been modified with the old reflector replaced by a thin rotor and a new thin reflector. Breaking Shark on 3-rotor bombes would have taken 50 to 100 times as long as an average Air Force or ...
Gustave Bertrand, Enigma ou la plus grande enigme de la guerre 1939-1945 (Enigma: the Greatest Enigma of the War of 1939-1945), Paris, Librairie Plon, 1973.; Paul Paillole, The Spy in Hitler's Inner Circle (English translation of Notre Espion chez Hitler), Oxford, Casemate UK, 2016.
Kozaczuk, Władysław (1984), Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher was Broken, and how it was Read by the Allies in World War Two, edited and translated by Christopher Kasparek (2 ed.), Frederick, Maryland: University Publications of America, ISBN 978-0890935477 A revised and augmented translation of W kręgu enigmy, Warsaw, Książka i Wiedza ...
A German Enigma key list with machine settings for each day of one month The working rebuilt bombe now at The National Museum of Computing on Bletchley Park. Each of the rotating drums simulates the action of an Enigma rotor. There are 36 Enigma-equivalents and, on the right-hand end of the middle row, three indicator drums.
The 23 enigma is regarded as a corollary of the Law of Fives because 2 + 3 = 5. In these works, 23 is considered lucky, unlucky, sinister, strange, sacred to the goddess Eris, or sacred to the unholy gods of the Cthulhu Mythos. The 23 enigma can be viewed as an example of apophenia, selection bias and confirmation bias. In interviews, Wilson ...
The Gregorian antiphon Procedamus In Pace!Cum Angelis.This music, used in "Sadeness", was composed for the Easter liturgy. "Sadeness (Part I)" is a song by German musical project Enigma, released in October 1990 by Virgin Records as the lead single from their first album, MCMXC a.D. (1990).