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In science and philosophy, an ad hoc hypothesis is a hypothesis added to a theory in order to save it from being falsified.. For example, a person that wants to believe in leprechauns can avoid ever being proven wrong by using ad hoc hypotheses (e.g., by adding "they are invisible", then "their motives are complex", and so on).
Ad hoc is a Latin phrase meaning literally ' for this '. In English , it typically signifies a solution designed for a specific purpose, problem, or task rather than a generalized solution adaptable to collateral instances (compare with a priori ).
is fruitful, where the emphasis by Colyvan is not only upon prediction and falsification, but also upon a theory's seminality in suggesting future work; is elegant (formal elegance; no ad hoc modifications). Stephen Hawking supported items 1, 2 and 4, but did not mention fruitfulness. [6] On the other hand, Kuhn emphasizes the importance of ...
A research design that involves multiple measures of the same variable taken on the same or matched subjects either under different conditions or over two or more time periods. [ 1 ] Paired t-test , Wilcoxon signed-rank test
The logarithms are base e. This model can be used for classic ad-hoc tasks. InL2 Inverse Document Frequency model with Laplace after-effect and normalization 2. This model can be used for tasks that require early precision. PL2 Poisson model with Laplace after-effect and normalization 2. This model can be used for tasks that require early ...
A project is a type of assignment, typically involving research or design, that is carefully planned to achieve a specific objective. [1]An alternative view sees a project managerially as a sequence of events: a "set of interrelated tasks to be executed over a fixed period and within certain cost and other limitations".
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The ad-hocs are administered by an artificial intelligence and polled from suitably qualified individuals who are judged by the AI to have sufficient experience. Failure to arrive at a decision results in the polling of a new ad-hoc, whose members are not told of previous ad-hocs before hearing the decision which must be made.