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Emergency free ascent (EFA) is like a controlled emergency swimming ascent without a regulator in the mouth. It is considered unacceptably hazardous for training purposes by some agencies. [6] [7] Emergency swimming ascent (ESA) is a free ascent where the diver swims to the surface at either negative or approximately neutral buoyancy.
When no redundant air supply is available, the diver can make a controlled emergency swimming ascent. The diver starts to swim up exhaling steadily along the ascent unless trying to inhale. The mouthpiece is kept in as the cylinder still contains some air and it will become available as the ambient pressure decreases.
Controlled emergency swimming ascent – Ascent where there may be a small amount of breathing gas which becomes available due to ambient pressure reduction. Cut free from entanglement. Ditch weights to establish buoyancy – Removal of some or all ballast weights to establish neutral or positive buoyancy underwater, or to establish positive ...
Controlled emergency swimming ascent; D. Diver rescue; E. Emergency air sharing; Emergency ascent; Emergency breathing gas sharing; Emergency buoyant ascent;
Assisted ascent – An emergency ascent during which the diver is provided with breathing gas by another diver; Association nationale des moniteurs de plongée – French recreational diver training and certification agency; Association of Offshore Diving Contractors (AODC) – Precursor to International Marine Contractors Association
In a controlled emergency swimming ascent (CESA), the ascent remains under control and is performed at a safe rate. In an emergency swimming ascent (ESA), the diver swims to the surface at either negative or approximately neutral buoyancy. Other forms of ascent which may be considered emergency ascents are:
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For scuba, a bailout bottle, self-contained ascent bottle or emergency gas supply is a small diving cylinder meant to be used as an alternate air source to allow a controlled ascent with any required decompression, in place of a controlled emergency swimming ascent, which will not allow required decompression. The use of a bailout bottle may be ...