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Gordon Willard Allport (November 11, 1897 – October 9, 1967) was an American psychologist.Allport was one of the first psychologists to focus on the study of the personality, and is often referred to as one of the founding figures of personality psychology. [1]
As Allport put it, “a differentiated category is the opposite of a stereotype.” [3] Thus, the more a person learns about a minority category of people, the more differentiated that category is and the more resistant it is to being reduced to a negative stereotype. The Contact Hypothesis has been supported by decades of research.
In 1954, Allport published The Nature of Prejudice, in which he outlined the most widely cited form of the hypothesis. [1] The premise of Allport's hypothesis states that under appropriate conditions interpersonal contact could be one of the most effective ways to reduce prejudice between majority and minority group members. [1]
Personality also predicts human reactions to other people, problems, and stress. [4] [5] Gordon Allport (1937) described two major ways to study personality: the nomothetic and the idiographic. Nomothetic psychology seeks general laws that can be applied to many different people, such as the principle of self-actualization or the trait of ...
The book was written by Gordon Allport in the early 1950s and first published by Addison-Wesley in 1954. Thomas F. Pettigrew and Kerstin Hammann selected, as the book's most lasting contribution, its success in redefining the relation between intergroup contact and prejudice.
In 1953, John W French of Educational Testing Service published an extensive meta-analysis of personality trait factor studies. [49] In 1957, Ernest Tupes of the United States Air Force undertook a personality trait study of US Air Force officers. Each was rated by their peers using Cattell's 35 terms (or in some cases, the 30 most reliable terms).
Gordon Allport's trait theory not only served as a foundational approach within personality psychology, but also is continued to be viewed and discussed by other disciplines such as anthropology because of how he approached culture within trait theory.
Factor Analysis is a major technique used in the personality literature to come up with lists of personality factors based on ... Gordon Allport; John L. Holland; C.