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The historiography of early Islam is the secular scholarly literature on the early history of Islam during the 7th century, from Muhammad's first purported revelations in 610 until the disintegration of the Rashidun Caliphate in 661, and arguably throughout the 8th century and the duration of the Umayyad Caliphate, terminating in the incipient Islamic Golden Age around the beginning of the 9th ...
The history of Islam is believed by most historians [1] to have originated with Muhammad's mission in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, [2] [3] although Muslims regard this time as a return to the original faith passed down by the Abrahamic prophets, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, and Jesus, with the submission (Islām) to the will of God.
This timeline of Islamic history relates the Gregorian and Islamic calendars in the history of Islam. This timeline starts with the lifetime of Muhammad, which is believed by non-Muslims to be when Islam started, [1] though not by Muslims. [2] [3] [4]
Ali, is said to have supported Muhammed from his childhood and in some texts, is said to have converted to Islam just after his birth. It is commonly reported that Ali was the second, after Khadija, to embrace Islam amongst the earliest Muslims. Ali ibn Abi Talib is known among the earliest and youngest Muslim converts.
This century corresponds to approximately 126 – 23 BH.. 570: Year of the Elephant. 50–60 days before Muhammad's birth, Abraha, the Viceroy of Yemen, reaches Mecca with his army of elephants to demolish the Kaaba.
The first person who professed Islam was his wife, Khadija bint Khuwaylid. The identity of the second male Muslim, after Muhammad himself, is nevertheless disputed largely along sectarian lines, as Shia and some Sunni sources identify him as the first Shia imam Ali ibn Abi Talib , a child at the time, who grew up in the household of his cousin ...
Adam (Arabic: آدم, romanized: ʾĀdam), in Islamic theology, is believed to have been the first human being on Earth and the first prophet (Arabic: نبي, nabī) of Islam. Adam's role as the father of the human race is looked upon by Muslims with reverence.
In Islam, he is associated with Mecca and the construction of the Kaaba within today's Masjid al-Haram, which is the holiest Islamic site. Muslims also consider him to be a direct ancestor to Muhammad. His paternal half-brother was Isaac, the forefather of the Israelites. Islam's conception of Ishmael is similar to that of Judaism and Christianity.