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CA-125 was initially detected using the murine monoclonal antibody designated OC125. Robert Bast , Robert Knapp and their research team first isolated this monoclonal antibody in 1981. [ 28 ] The protein was named "cancer antigen 125" because OC125 was the 125th antibody produced against the ovarian cancer cell line that was being studied.
CA-125 levels appear to fall during endometriosis treatment, but it has not shown a correlation with disease response. [ 121 ] Another review in 2011 identified several putative biomarkers upon biopsy, including findings of small sensory nerve fibers or defectively expressed β3 integrin subunit. [ 123 ]
Surface epithelial-stromal tumors are a class of ovarian neoplasms that may be benign or malignant. Neoplasms in this group are thought to be derived from the ovarian surface epithelium (modified peritoneum) or from ectopic endometrial or fallopian tube (tubal) tissue.
Some patients (less than 10%) report an increase in bowel problems (diarrhea or urgency of the bowels), but again this usually settles down without further treatment. [18] Radiation proctitis can be found in 0.5–21.4% of patients who received prostate brachytherapy due to the proximity of the prostate and the large bowel, with significant ...
Currently, it is not clear whether uterine leiomyomata (fibroids) or congenital genitourinary abnormalities occur at an increased rate in Cowden syndrome patients as compared to the general population. [3] The occurrence of multiple testicular lipomas, or testicular lipomatosis, is a characteristic finding in male patients with Cowden syndrome. [3]
Iodine-125 (125 I) is a radioisotope of iodine which has uses in biological assays, nuclear medicine imaging and in radiation therapy as brachytherapy to treat a number of conditions, including prostate cancer, uveal melanomas, and brain tumors. It is the second longest-lived radioisotope of iodine, after iodine-129.
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Simufilam (PTI-125) is an experimental medication for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It was being developed by the American pharmaceutical firm Cassava Sciences . Development of simufilam was discontinued in November 2024 after it failed to show clinical benefit during phase III clinical trials .