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A Vulcanian eruption is a type of volcanic eruption characterized by a dense cloud of ash-laden gas exploding from the crater and rising high above the peak. They usually commence with phreatomagmatic eruptions which can be extremely noisy due to the rising magma heating water in the ground. This is usually followed by the explosive clearing of ...
Lithological silica are brought to surface through volcanic events whereas weathering of pre-existing rocks releases silica into the waters. The sources of silica can be divided into two categories: silica in organic and inorganic materials. The former category is also known as biogenic silica, which is a ubiquitous material in animals and plants.
The types of minerals present in volcanic ash are dependent on the chemistry of the magma from which it erupted. Considering that the most abundant elements found in silicate magma are silicon and oxygen, the various types of magma (and therefore ash) produced during volcanic eruptions are most commonly explained in terms of their silica content.
In the deep ocean, another 26.2 Tmol Si Year −1 is dissolved before being deposited to the sediments as opal silica. [20] At the sediment water interface, over 90% of the silica is recycled and upwelled for use again in the photic zone. [20] Biogenic silica production in the photic zone is estimated to be 240 ± 40 Tmol si year −1. [36]
Magmatic water, also known as juvenile water, is an aqueous phase in equilibrium with minerals that have been dissolved by magma deep within the Earth's crust and is released to the atmosphere during a volcanic eruption.
A volcanic eruption is essentially the only natural way for short-lived – less than a few years – gases like sulfur dioxide and water vapor to make it into the stratosphere.
Volcanic rocks are named according to both their chemical composition and texture. Basalt is a very common volcanic rock with low silica content. Rhyolite is a volcanic rock with high silica content. Rhyolite has silica content similar to that of granite while basalt is compositionally equal to gabbro.
Super volcano is the term used to describe volcanoes that have gradually over time built up immense amounts of magma and could wreak havoc if ejected onto the planet's surface. And in the heart of ...