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The Article 12 of the Constitution of Costa Rica abolishes Costa Rica's army as a permanent institution, making Costa Rica one of the first countries in the world to do so as the current Constitution was enacted in 1949. [1] Costa Rica is one of the few countries without armed forces and, alongside Panama, one of the few that is not a microstate.
On 1 December 1948, the President of Costa Rica, José Figueres Ferrer, abolished the Costa Rican military after his victory in the Costa Rican Civil War. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In a ceremony at the national capital of San José , Figueres symbolically broke a wall with a mallet , symbolizing an end to the military's existence. [ 4 ]
Sovereign states with no standing army, but having limited military forces Country Details Ref. Costa Rica: Article 12 of the Constitution has forbidden a standing army since 1949, following the Costa Rican Civil War.
Costa Rica: Historia de Costa Rica. Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica. ISBN 978-9977-67-411-7. La Feber, Walter (1993). Inevitable Revolutions The United States in Central America. Norton Press. p. 103. ISBN 978-0-393-03434-9. Longley, Kyle (1997). The Sparrow and the Hawk: Costa Rica and the United States During the Rise of Jose ...
Real GDP per capita development in Costa Rica An Intel microprocessor facility in Costa Rica that was, at one time, responsible for 20% of Costa Rican exports and 5% of the country's GDP The country has been considered economically stable with moderate inflation, estimated at 2.6% in 2017, [ 59 ] and moderately high GDP growth, which increased ...
The Provincial Constituent Congress of Costa Rica was convened twice in the then Province of Costa Rica immediately after the independence of Spain. First with the country as a province, at least nominally, part of the First Mexican Empire, and the second as a province of the newly created Federal Republic of Central America. In both cases, it ...
As military forces around the world are constantly changing in size, no definitive list can ever be compiled. All of the 172 countries listed here, especially those with the highest number of total soldiers such as the two Koreas and Vietnam , include a large number of paramilitaries, civilians and policemen in their reserve personnel.
"The future of mankind cannot include armed forces. Police, yes, because people are imperfect.", he declared. Ever since, Costa Rica has had no army and has maintained a 7,500-member national police force for a population of over five million. [9] enabled women and illiterates to vote, [4] put into effect basic welfare legislation, [5]