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An inclining test is a test performed on a ship to determine its stability, lightship weight and the coordinates of its center of gravity.The test is applied to newly constructed ships greater than 24m in length, and to ships altered in ways that could affect stability.
The ship's hydrostatic tables show the corresponding volume displaced. [4] To calculate the weight of the displaced water, it is necessary to know its density. Seawater (1,025 kg/m 3) is more dense than fresh water (1,000 kg/m 3); [5] so a ship will ride higher in salt water than in fresh. The density of water also varies with temperature.
Loadline displacement – The weight or mass of the ship loaded to the load line or plimsoll mark. Deadweight tonnage (DWT) is a measure of how much weight a ship can carry. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is the sum of the weights of cargo, fuel, fresh water, ballast water , provisions, passengers, and crew.
For small angles, M can also be considered to be fixed, while B moves as the ship heels. The metacentric height ( GM ) is a measurement of the initial static stability of a floating body. [ 1 ] It is calculated as the distance between the centre of gravity of a ship and its metacentre .
Ship stability is an area of naval architecture and ship design that deals with how a ship behaves at sea, both in still water and in waves, whether intact or damaged. Stability calculations focus on centers of gravity , centers of buoyancy , the metacenters of vessels, and on how these interact.
The total still water bending moment is then calculated by integrating the difference between buoyancy and total weight along the length of the ship. For a ship in motion, additional bending moment is added to that value to account for waves it may encounter. Standard formulas for wave height and length are used, which take ship size into account.
Dimensional weight, also known as volumetric weight, is a pricing technique for commercial freight transport (including courier and postal services), which uses an estimated weight that is calculated from the length, width and height of a package. The shipping fee is based upon the dimensional weight or the actual weight, whichever is greater.
The Merchant Marine Act of 1920 is a United States federal statute that provides for the promotion and maintenance of the American merchant marine. [1] Among other purposes, the law regulates maritime commerce in U.S. waters and between U.S. ports.