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  2. Metal-induced gap states - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal-induced_gap_states

    Similarly, when a metal is deposited onto a semiconductor (by thermal evaporation, for example), the wavefunction of an electron in the semiconductor must match that of an electron in the metal at the interface. Since the Fermi levels of the two materials must match at the interface, there exists gap states that decay deeper into the semiconductor.

  3. Anderson's rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anderson's_rule

    The common anion rule guesses that, since the valence band is related to anionic states, materials with the same anions should have very small valence band offsets. [citation needed] Tersoff [5] proposed the presence of a dipole layer due to induced gap states, by analogy to the metal-induced gap states in a metal–semiconductor junction.

  4. Fermi level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi_level

    The shade follows the Fermi–Dirac distribution (black: all states filled, white: no state filled). In metals and semimetals the Fermi level E F lies inside at least one band. In insulators and semiconductors the Fermi level is inside a band gap ; however, in semiconductors the bands are near enough to the Fermi level to be thermally populated ...

  5. Spin crossover - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin_crossover

    The compound can be converted back to a LS state by irradiation with a photon of different energy. Irradiation of d-d transitions of the LS metal complex or MLCT absorption bands leads to population of HS states. [14] A good example to illustrate the LIESST effect is the complex [Fe(1-propyltetrazole) 6](BF4) 2. The sample was irradiated with ...

  6. Ohmic contact - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohmic_contact

    An ohmic contact is a non-rectifying electrical junction: a junction between two conductors that has a linear current–voltage (I–V) curve as with Ohm's law.Low-resistance ohmic contacts are used to allow charge to flow easily in both directions between the two conductors, without blocking due to rectification or excess power dissipation due to voltage thresholds.

  7. Pseudogap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudogap

    This is very similar to a true 'gap', which is an energy range that contains no allowed states. Such gaps open up, for example, when electrons interact with the lattice. The pseudogap phenomenon is observed in a region of the phase diagram generic to cuprate high-temperature superconductors, existing in underdoped specimens at temperatures ...

  8. Karl Duncker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Duncker

    Karl Duncker (2 February 1903 in Leipzig – 23 February 1940) was a German Gestalt psychologist.He attended Friedrich-Wilhelms-University from 1923 to 1923, and spent 1925–1926 at Clark University in Worcester, MA as a visiting professor, where he received a master's degree in arts degree. [1]

  9. Collective mental state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collective_mental_state

    When a mental state is shared by a large proportion of the members of a group or society, it can be called a collective mental state. Gustave Le Bon proposed that mental states are passed by contagion, while Sigmund Freud wrote of war fever in his work Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego (1922), a perfect example of the collective ...