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In audiology and psychoacoustics the concept of critical bands, introduced by Harvey Fletcher in 1933 [1] and refined in 1940, [2] describes the frequency bandwidth of the "auditory filter" created by the cochlea, the sense organ of hearing within the inner ear.
The human auditory system is sensitive to frequencies from about 20 Hz to a maximum of around 20,000 Hz, although the upper hearing limit decreases with age. Within this range, the human ear is most sensitive between 2 and 5 kHz, largely due to the resonance of the ear canal and the transfer function of the ossicles of the middle ear.
In 1961, Professor Donald D. Greenwood utilized experimental methods within the field of psychoacoustics to measure the frequency resolution between critical bands within the human cochlea and develop a function correlating the anatomic location of the inner ear hair cells and the frequencies at which they are stimulated (Greenwood 1961a,b).
The scale ranges from 1 to 24 and corresponds to the first 24 critical bands of hearing. [3] It is related to, but somewhat less popular than [citation needed], the mel scale, a perceptual scale of pitches judged by listeners to be equal in distance from one another.
Human hearing spans from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. Hearing conversation in noise is challenging, especially when the noise has a similar frequency to human speech. Animals, such as dolphins and bats ...
Sound processing of the human auditory system is performed in so-called critical bands. The hearing range is segmented into 24 critical bands, each with a width of 1 Bark or 100 Mel. For a directional analysis the signals inside the critical band are analyzed together.
The equivalent rectangular bandwidth or ERB is a measure used in psychoacoustics, which gives an approximation to the bandwidths of the filters in human hearing, using the unrealistic but convenient simplification of modeling the filters as rectangular band-pass filters, or band-stop filters, like in tailor-made notched music training (TMNMT).
This individual coding only occurs if the frequency components are different enough in frequency, otherwise they are in the same critical band and are coded at the same place and are perceived as one sound instead of two. [3] The filters that distinguish one sound from another are called auditory filters, listening channels or critical ...