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On 17 January 1973, Marcos issued Proclamation No. 1102 certifying and proclaiming that the 1973 Constitution had been ratified by the Filipino people and thereby was in effect. These results were challenged during the Ratification Cases heard by the Supreme Court of the Philippine in 1973. The court upheld the results and the ratification of ...
January 10–15 – A national plebiscite referendum is held among the citizens' assemblies to ratify the new Constitution. [1] [2]January 15 – Chinese Lim Seng (Guan Suo So), upon order from Pres. Marcos on January 3, is publicly executed by firing squad in a firing range in Fort Bonifacio, Rizal for drug trafficking; the country's first execution by that method after 27 years, and only ...
The 1973 Philippine martial law referendum was a national referendum in which the citizens' assemblies voted for: The ratification of the 1973 Constitution; The suspension of the convening of the Interim National Assembly provided in the transitory provisions of the 1973 Constitution; The continuation of martial law
The last amendments in 1984 abolished the Executive Committee and restored the position of Vice-president (which did not exist in the original, unamended 1973 Constitution). While the 1973 Constitution ideally provided for a true parliamentary system, in practice, Marcos made use of subterfuge and manipulation in order to keep executive powers ...
A second constitutional referendum is held, in which the constituent assemblies vote via show of hands to supposedly ratify the 1973 constitution, suspend the creation of the Interim National Assembly, and extend Martial Law. Ferdinand Marcos's term as president is effectively extended.
The original provisions of the 1973 Constitution, which was ratified on January 17, 1973, provided for the establishment of a unicameral National Assembly.Upon its ratification, an interim National Assembly composed of the president and the vice president, those who served as president of the 1971 Constitutional Convention, members of the Senate and the House of Representatives, and the ...
The 1973 constitutional plebiscite was called to ratify the new constitution, but the validity of the ratification was brought to question because Marcos replaced the method of voting through secret ballot with a system of viva voce voting by "citizens' assemblies".
The Commonwealth had its own constitution, which remained effective after independence until 1973, [51] and was self-governing [16] although foreign policy and military affairs would be under the responsibility of the United States, and Laws passed by the legislature affecting immigration, foreign trade, and the currency system had to be ...