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A sound card (also known as an audio card) is an internal expansion card that provides input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under the control of computer programs. The term sound card is also applied to external audio interfaces used for professional audio applications.
Audio only: Analog: Often unmarked on consumer audio equipment since it is so common, or labelled with headphones symbol or as "line out". Computers and other equipment sometimes use Microsoft-Intel color coding scheme, especially when there are multiple input/output plugs. 3.5 mm TRS minijack RCA connector: Balanced audio
Although there is a degree of functional overlap, audio interfaces are differentiated from audio mixers in that they are intended to pass multi-channel audio directly to a host digital audio workstation, whereas mixers generally sum their inputs into a simple two-channel stereo pair. Audio interfaces are therefore often simple rackmount boxes ...
According to a USB-IF chairman, "at least 10 to 15 percent of the stated peak 60 MB/s (480 Mbit/s) of Hi-speed USB goes to overhead—the communication protocol between the card and the peripheral. Overhead is a component of all connectivity standards". [1] Tables illustrating the transfer limits are shown in Chapter 5 of the USB spec.
Full-featured USB-C 3.1 cables contain a full set of wires and are "electronically marked" : they contain a "eMarker" chip that responds to the USB Power Delivery Discover Identity command, a kind of vendor-defined message (VDM) sent over the configuration data channel (CC). Using this command, the cable reports its current capacities, maximum ...
Embedded audio chipset in some laptops and sound cards (including PCI, ISA and Yamaha Audician 32) Integrates Yamaha YMF262 (OPL3) [86] [33] [87] Yamaha YMU757 (a.k.a. MA-1) 1999 8 4 2 Some 2000s and 1990s cellphones, PDAs [88] Yamaha YMU759 (a.k.a. MA-2) 2000 32 16 2 Some 2000s cellphones, PDAs: 8 channels for 4 operators, an additional ADPCM ...
In hardware, audio codec refers to a single device that encodes analog audio as digital signals and decodes digital back into analog. In other words, it contains both an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) running off the same clock signal. This is used in sound cards that support both audio in and out, for ...
Control channels Controlled source Wave / PCM stereo: Audio signal generated by the CPU via the sound card's digital-to-analog converter. (This includes audio produced by games, MP3 or WAV players, but also some software playing a CD-DA through the CPU, such as, Windows Media Player or Media Player Classic, as well as TV tuner cards that use the CPU for decoding audio.)