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Medical use liquid oxygen airgas tanks are typically 2.4 MPa (350 psi). [citation needed] All equipment coming into contact with high pressure oxygen must be "oxygen clean" and "oxygen compatible", to reduce the risk of fire. [3] [4] "Oxygen clean" means the removal of any substance that could act as a source of ignition. "Oxygen compatible ...
Liquid oxygen has a clear cyan color and is strongly paramagnetic: it can be suspended between the poles of a powerful horseshoe magnet. [2] Liquid oxygen has a density of 1.141 kg/L (1.141 g/ml), slightly denser than liquid water, and is cryogenic with a freezing point of 54.36 K (−218.79 °C; −361.82 °F) and a boiling point of 90.19 K (−182.96 °C; −297.33 °F) at 1 bar (14.5 psi).
Methods of oxygen storage for subsequent use span many approaches, including high pressures in oxygen tanks, cryogenics, oxygen-rich compounds and reaction mixtures, and chemical compounds that reversibly release oxygen upon heating or pressure change. O 2 is the second most important industrial gas.
The endurance of the cylinder can be calculated from the volume, pressure and breathing rate of the user. The formula: volume (in liters) × pressure (in bars) / 40 (litres per minute) - 10 minutes (the 10 minutes is a safety margin, or reserve), so a 6-liter cylinder, of 300 bar, is 6 × 300 / 40 - 10 = 35 minutes working duration.
The pressure vessel is a seamless cylinder normally made of cold-extruded aluminum or forged steel. [5] Filament wound composite cylinders are used in fire fighting breathing apparatus and oxygen first aid equipment because of their low weight, but are rarely used for diving, due to their high positive buoyancy.
As the first cylinder reaches near pure oxygen (there are small amounts of argon, CO 2, water vapour, radon, and other minor atmospheric components) in the first half-cycle, a valve opens and the oxygen-enriched gas flows to the pressure-equalizing reservoir, which connects to the patient's oxygen hose. At the end of the first half of the cycle ...
A commonly used system manufactured by Poisk uses three high-pressure composite cylinders filled to 260 Bar at 20 degrees Celsius. The dimensions of the cylinders are 19 inches (480 mm) long, 4.25 inches (108 mm) diameter, and weight under 2.7 kilograms (6.0 lb). At a two-liter per minute flow the cylinders last approximately 6.5 hours each. [7]
A breathing set cylinder may be filled to its working pressure by decanting from larger (often 50 liters) cylinders. (To make this easy the neck of the cylinder of the Siebe Gorman Salvus rebreather had the same thread as an oxygen storage cylinder, but the opposite gender, for direct decanting.) The storage cylinders are available in a variety ...
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