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14th century: First record of cucumbers cultivation in Great Britain. [33] 1390: The English cookbook, The Forme of Cury, published, including one of the earliest recipes for frumenty; 15th century: The Portuguese began fishing cod [69] ~1450: Written records of palm oil being used as food from European travelers to West Africa. [40]
These expeditions were joined by many scientists, including botanists, such as the German explorer Alexander von Humboldt. Humboldt is often considered as father of ecology. He was the first to take on the study of the relationship between organisms and their environment.
The history of biology traces the study of the living world from ancient to modern times. Although the concept of biology as a single coherent field arose in the 19th century, the biological sciences emerged from traditions of medicine and natural history reaching back to Ayurveda, ancient Egyptian medicine and the works of Aristotle, Theophrastus and Galen in the ancient Greco-Roman world.
1952 – American developmental biologists Robert Briggs and Thomas King cloned the first vertebrate by transplanting nuclei from leopard frogs embryos into enucleated eggs. More differentiated cells were the less able they are to direct development in the enucleated egg.
Helmeted guinea fowl in tall grass. Many foods were originally domesticated in West Africa, including grains like African rice, Pearl Millet, Sorghum, and Fonio; tree crops like Kola nut, used in Coca-Cola, and Oil Palm; and other globally important plant foods such as Watermelon, Tamarind, Okra, Black-eye peas, and Yams. [2]
Seminal discoveries in vaccination, food safety, and microbial fermentation. A key proponent of the germ theory of disease. [2] 1850–1934 Fanny Hesse: German Developed agar for use in culturing bacteria. [2] [6] 1851–1931 Martinus Beijerinck: Netherlands Discovered the first virus as well as bacterial nitrogen fixation and sulfate reduction ...
The city covered around 6 square miles. The team found over 6,700 structures, including houses, plazas, temple pyramids, and a ballcourt. Some areas were dense while others were more rural, Canuto ...
Gregor Johann Mendel OSA (/ ˈ m ɛ n d əl /; Czech: Řehoř Jan Mendel; [2] 20 July 1822 [3] – 6 January 1884) was an Austrian [4] [5] biologist, meteorologist, [6] mathematician, Augustinian friar and abbot of St. Thomas' Abbey in Brno (Brünn), Margraviate of Moravia.