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  2. History of the pineal gland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_pineal_gland

    With the revival of the ancient Greeks's notion of the pineal gland, the search for the location of the soul was among the biggest issues in Medieval Christianity. It was generally believed that the soul must be present in the brain as a physical entity, the doctrine introduced by Augustine of Hippo in the 5th century.

  3. Third eye - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_eye

    According to this belief, humans had in far ancient times an actual third eye in the back of the head with a physical and spiritual function. Over time, as humans evolved, this eye atrophied and sunk into what today is known as the pineal gland. [9]

  4. History of the location of the soul - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_location_of...

    Descartes’ reasoning came from his observation that every structure of the brain is paired except for the pineal gland. He felt that the pineal gland must be the meeting point of the physical body and the mind, and therefore, the pineal gland must be the location of the soul. [17]

  5. Pineal gland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineal_gland

    The pineal gland is present in almost all vertebrates, but is absent in protochordates in which there is a simple pineal homologue. The hagfish , archaic vertebrates, lack a pineal gland. [ 7 ] In some species of amphibians and reptiles, the gland is linked to a light-sensing organ, variously called the parietal eye , the pineal eye or the ...

  6. Christianity and Ancient Greek philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity_and_Ancient...

    Hellenic Christians and their medieval successors applied this form-based philosophy to the Christian God. Philosophers took all the things they considered good—power, love, knowledge, and size—and posited that God was 'infinite' in all these respects. They then concluded that God was omnipotent, omniscient, omnipresent, and omnibenevolent ...

  7. Mind–body dualism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind–body_dualism

    In the philosophy of mind, mind–body dualism denotes either that mental phenomena are non-physical, [1] or that the mind and body are distinct and separable. [2] Thus, it encompasses a set of views about the relationship between mind and matter, as well as between subject and object, and is contrasted with other positions, such as physicalism and enactivism, in the mind–body problem.

  8. Epiphenomenalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphenomenalism

    Epiphenomenalism is a position in the philosophy of mind on the mind–body problem.It holds that subjective mental events are completely dependent for their existence on corresponding physical and biochemical events within the human body, but do not themselves influence physical events.

  9. Mind–body problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind–body_problem

    Inputs are passed by the sensory organs to the pineal gland, and from there to the immaterial spirit. The mind–body problem is a philosophical problem concerning the relationship between thought and consciousness in the human mind and body. [1] [2] It is not obvious how the concept of the mind and the concept of the body relate.