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The fibers from the retina run along the optic nerve to nine primary visual nuclei in the brain, from which a major relay inputs into the primary visual cortex. A fundus photograph showing the back of the retina. The white circle is the beginning of the optic nerve. The optic nerve is composed of retinal ganglion cell axons and glia.
The optic tract of various clades of insects shows two chiasms, the first and second optic chiasm. [2] In contrast to those in vertebrates, the insect chiasms do not cross the body midline. Rather, the first and second chiasm invert the anterior and posterior visual field. Since there are two chiasms, the retinotopic map is not affected.
In many vertebrates the left optic nerve crosses over the right one without fusing with it. [4] In vertebrates with a large overlap of the visual fields of the two eyes, i.e., most mammals and birds, but also amphibians, reptiles such as chameleons, the two optic nerves merge in the optic chiasm.
Accessory obturator nerve; Alderman's nerve; Anococcygeal nerve; Ansa cervicalis; Anterior interosseous nerve; Anterior superior alveolar nerve; Auerbach's plexus; Auriculotemporal nerve; Axillary nerve; Brachial plexus; Buccal branch of the facial nerve; Buccal nerve; Cardiac plexus; Cavernous nerves; Cavernous plexus; Celiac ganglia; Cervical ...
The optic nerve can be damaged when exposed to direct or indirect injury. Direct optic nerve injuries are caused by trauma to the head or orbit that crosses normal tissue planes and disrupts the anatomy and function of the optic nerve; e.g., a bullet or forceps that physically injures the optic nerve.
Two new studies suggest that the diabetes medication Ozempic may double the risk of a rare but serious condition that damages the optic nerve. ... One of the studies found that 2 people per 10,000 ...
The information about the image via the eye is transmitted to the brain along the optic nerve. Different populations of ganglion cells in the retina send information to the brain through the optic nerve. About 90% of the axons in the optic nerve go to the lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus. These axons originate from the M, P, and K ...
Distribution of rods and cones along a line passing through the fovea and the blind spot of a human eye [1]. A blind spot, scotoma, is an obscuration of the visual field.A particular blind spot known as the physiological blind spot, "blind point", or punctum caecum in medical literature, is the place in the visual field that corresponds to the lack of light-detecting photoreceptor cells on the ...