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A de facto standard is a custom or convention that is commonly used even though its use is not required.. De facto is a Latin phrase (literally "of fact"), here meaning "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but not officially established".
The term "de facto standard" is used for both: to contrast obligatory standards (also known as "de jure standards"); or to express a dominant standard, when there is more than one proposed standard. In social sciences, a voluntary standard that is also a de facto standard, is a typical solution to a coordination problem. [15]
"Whenever a major organization develops a new system as an official standard for X, the primary result is the widespread adoption of some simpler system as a de facto standard for X." [9] Like Gall's law , The Law of Standards is essentially an argument in favour of underspecification.
PREservation Metadata: Implementation Strategies (PREMIS) is the de facto digital preservation metadata standard. [1]Digital preservation metadata defines the information that is needed to ensure the long-term usability of digital objects to keep them accessible in some form in the future.
Dominant design is a technology management concept introduced by James M. Utterback and William J. Abernathy in 1975, identifying key technological features that become a de facto standard. [1] A dominant design is the one that wins the allegiance of the marketplace, the one to which competitors and innovators must adhere if they hope to ...
The concept of Free/Libre standards emerged in the software industry as a reaction against closed de facto "standards" which served to reinforce monopolies. Users of a free standard have the same four freedoms associated with free software, and the freedom to participate in its development process. The standardisation process typically requires ...
I don't like "in fact" which is too literal a translation and "in practice" seems better, this is not a great argument. In the sentence, "English is the de jure sole official language in twenty-seven individual states of the United States." you can go either way on the comma after "de jure", but sentence is just awful. I'd suggest rewriting it.
However, the de facto standard has always been to run IRC on 6667/TCP [33] and nearby port numbers (for example TCP ports 6660–6669, 7000) [34] to avoid having to run the IRCd software with root privileges. The protocol specified that characters were 8-bit but did not specify the character encoding the text was supposed to use. [14]