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All plants, including crop, require air (specifically, oxygen) to respire, produce energy, and keep their cells alive. In agriculture, waterlogging typically blocks air from getting to the roots. [3] With the exception of rice (Oryza sativa), [4] [5] most crops like maize and potato, [6] [7] [8] are therefore highly intolerant to waterlogging.
Indirect effects are those that have consequences that take longer to develop and may also be longer-lasting. The indirect effects of irrigation include the following: Waterlogging; Soil salination; Ecological damage; Socioeconomic impacts; The indirect effects of waterlogging and soil salination occur directly on the
Waterlogging or water logging may refer to: Waterlogging (agriculture), saturation of the soil by groundwater sufficient to prevent or hinder agriculture; Waterlogging (archeology), the exclusion of air from an archeological site by groundwater, preserving artifacts; Underwater logging, the process of harvesting trees that are submerged under water
Many annual plants, or plants grown in frost free areas, can suffer from damage when the air temperature drops below 40 degrees Fahrenheit (4 degrees Celsius). Tropical plants may begin to experience cold damage when the temperature is 42 to 48 °F (5 to 9 °C), symptoms include wilting of the top of the stems and/or leaves, and blackening or ...
Waterlogged wood is a wooden object that has been submerged or partially submerged in water and has affected the original intended purpose or look of the object. . Waterlogged wood objects can also include wood found within moist soil from archaeological sites, underwater archaeology, maritime debris, or damaged w
Major effects on soil properties due to soil compaction are reduced air permeability and reduced water infiltration. [27] Main physical negative effects to plants are restricted plant root growth in response to the accumulation of the plant hormone ethylene [28] and accessibility of nutrients due to increase in bulk density and reduced soil ...
Waterlogging is the result of too much water in a plant's root system and the surrounding soil, and usually occurs in the inland areas of the marsh. With the increase of surface water, waterlogged soils contain many reduced molecules, which can induce the accumulation of sulfide and other toxic compounds. [5]
Many terrestrial plants can tolerate extended periods of inundation, and this is often part of the natural habitat of the plant where flooding is common. These plants (termed helophytes) tolerate extended periods of waterlogging around the roots and even complete submersion under flood waters. Growth rates of helophytes decrease significantly ...