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Geometric designs in Islamic metalwork can form a grid decorated with these other motifs, or they can form the background pattern. [ 32 ] Even where metal objects such as bowls and dishes do not seem to have geometric decoration, still the designs, such as arabesques, are often set in octagonal compartments or arranged in concentric bands ...
Islamic ornament is the use of decorative forms and patterns in Islamic art and Islamic architecture. Its elements can be broadly divided into the arabesque , using curving plant-based elements, geometric patterns with straight lines or regular curves, and calligraphy , consisting of religious texts with stylized appearance, used both ...
Islamic and Mujédar stucco decoration followed the main types of ornamentation in Islamic art: geometric, arabesque or vegetal, and calligraphic motifs. [3] [2] Three-dimensional muqarnas was often also carved in stucco, [24] [7] most typically found as transitional elements on vaults, domes, capitals, friezes, and doorways.
Apart from miniature painting and calligraphy, other arts of the book are decorative illumination, the only type found in Qur'an manuscripts, and Islamic book covers, which are often highly decorative in luxury manuscripts, using either the geometric motifs found in illumination, or sometimes figurative images probably drawn for the craftsmen ...
Early examples of Islamic geometric patterns made of straight strap lines can be seen in the architecture of the surviving gateway of the Ribat-i Malik caravanserai, Uzbekistan, built in 1078. [4] The wild application of girih on architectures should credit to the close relationship between Islamic architecture, geometry, and craft.
The geometric or floral, interlaced forms, taken together, constitute an infinitely repeated pattern that extends beyond the visible material world. [106] Figural motifs, such as animals, humans, and imaginary creatures, have a rich tradition in Islamic art, though they generally more stylized than naturalistic. [107]
[33] [6]: 21 In Islamic art, the most important types of tessellation in geometric motifs are based on regular polygons. [33] This form of expression within the conceptual framework of Islamic art valued the creation of spatial decorations that avoided depictions of living things, consistent with taboos of aniconism in Islam on such depictions. [4]
The front of the portable wooden mihrab from the Mashhad of Sayyida Ruqayya (now housed at the Museum of Islamic Art, Cairo).From the bottom of the image to the top, this view shows the niche and the intricately carved star-shaped geometric motif as well as the two lines of inscription that date the mihrab.