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Pyramidal cells in the hippocampus called place cells play a significant role in self-location during movement over short distances. [3] As a rat moves along a path, individual place cells fire action potentials at an increased rate at particular positions along the path, termed "place fields".
The dentate gyrus (DG) is one of the subfields of the hippocampus, in the hippocampal formation.The hippocampal formation is located in the temporal lobe of the brain, and includes the hippocampus (including CA1 to CA4) subfields, and other subfields including the dentate gyrus, subiculum, and presubiculum.
CA3a is the part of the cell band that is most distant from the dentate (and closest to CA1). CA3b is the middle part of the band nearest to the fimbria and fornix connection. CA3c is nearest to the dentate, inserting into the hilus. CA3 overall, has been considered to be the “pacemaker” of the hippocampus.
Winged hippocamp in an Art Deco fountain, Kansas City, Missouri, (1937). The hippocampus, or hippocamp or hippokampos (plural: hippocampi or hippocamps; Ancient Greek: ἱππόκαμπος, from ἵππος, 'horse', and κάμπος, 'sea monster' [1]), sometimes called a "sea-horse" [2] in English, [citation needed] is a mythological creature mentioned in Etruscan, Greek, Phoenician, [3 ...
The entorhinal cortex (EC) is a major part of the hippocampal formation of the brain, and is reciprocally connected with the hippocampus. [1] The hippocampal formation, which consists of the hippocampus, perirhinal cortex, the dentate gyrus, the subicular areas and the EC forms one of the most important parts of the limbic system.
View of left entorhinal cortex (red) from beneath the brain, with front of brain at top. Artist's rendering. The superficial layers – layers II and III – of EC project to the dentate gyrus and hippocampus: Layer II projects primarily to dentate gyrus and hippocampal region CA3; layer III projects primarily to hippocampal region CA1 and the subiculum.
Diagram of a Timm-stained cross-section of the mouse hippocampus. The hippocampal subregion CA3–CA4 is indicated in black, stippled, and hatched areas. Black areas: suprapyramidal (SP), intra- and infrapyramidal (IIP) and hilar (CA4) mossy fiber terminal fields originating from the dentate gyrus. Stippled area: strata oriens (OR) and radiatum ...
Instead, they support a new theory saying that the hippocampus has a more general function encoding continuous variables, and location just happens to be one of those variables. [17] This fits in with the idea that the hippocampus has a predictive function. [18] [19] Grid cells and place cells work together to determine the position of the animal