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The Constitution of India Bill 1895, widely considered to be the first Indian articulation of a constitutional vision, contained the following provision related to freedom of speech and expression - 'Every citizen may express his thoughts by words or writings, and publish them in print without liability to censure, but they shall be answerable ...
Union of India [1] is a judgement by a two-judge bench of the Supreme Court of India in 2015, on the issue of online speech and intermediary liability in India. The Supreme Court struck down Section 66A of the Information Technology Act, 2000 , relating to restrictions on online speech, as unconstitutional on grounds of violating the freedom of ...
The Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1951, enacted in 1951, made several changes to the Fundamental Rights provisions of the Indian constitution.It provided means to restrict freedom of speech and expression, validation of zamindari abolition laws, and clarified that the right to equality does not bar the enactment of laws which provide "special consideration" for weaker sections of society.
India prohibits hate speech by several sections of the Indian Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure, and by other laws which put limitations on the freedom of expression. Section 95 of the Code of Criminal Procedure gives the government the right to declare certain publications “forfeited” if the “publication ... appears to the State ...
Online intermediaries, internet service providers (ISPs), telecom service providers, and social media companies in India and abroad closely monitored the lawsuit and its proceedings. The Center for Communication Governance noted that this case is significant for India's Supreme Court, as it will establish the boundaries of free speech online. [6]
For this purpose, the constitution guaranteed to all the citizens of India the freedom of speech and expression and various other freedoms in the form of the fundamental rights. [ 7 ] All people, irrespective of race, religion, caste or gender, have been given the right to petition the Supreme Court or the High Courts for the enforcement of ...
The Freedom on the Net 2012 report says: [67] India's overall Internet Freedom Status is "Partly Free", unchanged from 2009. India has a score of 39 on a scale from 0 (most free) to 100 (least free), which places India 20 out of the 47 countries worldwide that were included in the 2012 report. India ranked 14 out of 37 countries in the 2011 report.
It is one of the Hate speech laws in India. This law prohibits blasphemy against all religions in India. [2] Section 295A is a cognisable, non-bailable, and non-compoundable offence. [3] Legal experts consider Section 295A a controversial provision.