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Simple columnar epithelium is a single layer of columnar epithelial cells which are tall and slender with oval-shaped nuclei located in the basal region, attached to the basement membrane. In humans, simple columnar epithelium lines most organs of the digestive tract including the stomach , and intestines .
Enterocytes, or intestinal absorptive cells, are simple columnar epithelial cells which line the inner surface of the small and large intestines. A glycocalyx surface coat contains digestive enzymes. Microvilli on the apical surface increase its surface area.
Composed of simple columnar epithelium its main functions are absorption, and secretion. Useful substances are absorbed into the body, and the entry of harmful substances is restricted. Secretions include mucins, and peptides. Absorptive cells in the small intestine are known as enterocytes, and in the colon they are known as colonocytes.
There are three principal shapes of epithelial cell: squamous (scaly), columnar, and cuboidal. These can be arranged in a singular layer of cells as simple epithelium, either simple squamous, simple columnar, or simple cuboidal, or in layers of two or more cells deep as stratified (layered), or compound, either squamous, columnar or cuboidal ...
Simple cuboidal - reproductive - male: efferent ducts: Pseudostratified columnar - reproductive - male: epididymis: Pseudostratified columnar, with stereocilia - reproductive - male: vas deferens: Pseudostratified columnar - reproductive - male: ejaculatory duct: Simple columnar - reproductive - male (gland) bulbourethral glands: Simple ...
The simple columnar epithelium of the collecting duct system transitions into urothelium near the junction of a papillary duct and a minor calyx. [6] These cells work in tandem to reabsorb water, sodium, and urea and secrete acid and potassium. The amount of reabsorption or secretion that occurs is related to needs of the body at any given time.
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A brush border (striated border or brush border membrane) is the microvillus-covered surface of simple cuboidal and simple columnar epithelium found in different parts of the body. Microvilli are approximately 100 nanometers in diameter and their length varies from approximately 100 to 2,000 nanometers.