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In engineering, the Moody chart or Moody diagram (also Stanton diagram) is a graph in non-dimensional form that relates the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor f D, Reynolds number Re, and surface roughness for fully developed flow in a circular pipe. It can be used to predict pressure drop or flow rate down such a pipe.
The Hardy Cross method assumes that the flow going in and out of the system is known and that the pipe length, diameter, roughness and other key characteristics are also known or can be assumed. [1] The method also assumes that the relation between flow rate and head loss is known, but the method does not require any particular relation to be used.
The Reynolds number Re is taken to be Re = V D / ν, where V is the mean velocity of fluid flow, D is the pipe diameter, and where ν is the kinematic viscosity μ / ρ, with μ the fluid's Dynamic viscosity, and ρ the fluid's density. The pipe's relative roughness ε / D, where ε is the pipe's effective roughness height and D the pipe ...
Marcus's method is a structural analysis used in the design of reinforced concrete slabs.The method was developed by Henri Marcus and described in 1938 in Die Theorie elastischer Gewebe und ihre Anwendung auf die Berechnung biegsamer Platten. [1]
The Darcy-Weisbach equation, combined with the Moody chart for calculating head losses in pipes, is traditionally attributed to Henry Darcy, Julius Weisbach, and Lewis Ferry Moody. However, the development of these formulas and charts also involved other scientists and engineers over its historical development.
It quantifies the impact of surface irregularities and obstructions on the flow of water. One roughness coefficient is Manning's n-value. [2] Manning's n is used extensively around the world to predict the degree of roughness in channels. The coefficient is critical in hydraulic engineering, floodplain management, and sediment transport studies.
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When the pipes have certain roughness <, this factor must be taken in account when the Fanning friction factor is calculated. The relationship between pipe roughness and Fanning friction factor was developed by Haaland (1983) under flow conditions of 4 ⋅ 10 4 < R e < 10 7 {\displaystyle 4\centerdot 10^{4}<Re<10^{7}}