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Excessive use may result in medication overuse headaches. [3] Use is not recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended within 24 hours after taking a dose. [4] Rizatriptan is in the triptan class and is believed to work by activating the 5-HT 1 receptor. [3] Rizatriptan was patented in 1991 and came into medical use in 1998.
The triptan drug class includes 1st generation sumatriptan (which has poor bioavailability), and second generation zolmitriptan. [2] Due to their safety, efficacy and selectivity, triptans are considered first line agents for abortion of migraines. [2]
Triptans are a mid-line treatment suitable for many migraineurs with typical attacks. They may not work for atypical or unusually severe migraine attacks, transformed migraine, or status migrainosus (continuous migraine). Triptans are highly effective, reducing the symptoms or aborting the attack within 30 to 90 minutes in 70–80% of patients. [6]
Medication overuse headache is a recognized ICHD (International Classification of Headache Disorders) classification. [4] Over the years different sets of diagnostic criteria have been proposed and revised by the major experts of headache disorders. The term MOH first appeared in the ICHD 2nd edition in 2004.
The frequent use of medication may result in medication overuse headache (MOH), in which the headaches become more severe and more frequent. [6] This may occur with triptans, ergotamines, and analgesics, especially opioids or narcotic analgesics. [6] [7] Combination of opioids with other analgesics is thought to nearly double the risk of MOH. [8]
Like all triptans, almotriptan has a high and specific affinity for serotonin 5-HT 1B/1D receptors. Binding of the drug to the receptor leads to vasoconstriction of the cranial (brain) blood vessels and thus affects the redistribution of blood flow. Almotriptan significantly increases cerebral blood flow and reduces blood flow through ...
A meta-analysis of 53 clinical trials has shown that all triptans are effective for treating migraine at marketed doses and that naratriptan, although less effective than sumatriptan and rizatriptan was more effective than placebo in reducing migraine symptoms at two hours [3] and efficacy was demonstrated in almost two thirds of subjects after four hours of treatment.
Eletriptan, sold under the brand name Relpax and used in the form of eletriptan hydrobromide, is a second-generation triptan medication intended for treatment of migraine headaches. [3] [4] It is used as an abortive medication, blocking a migraine attack which is already in progress. Eletriptan is marketed and manufactured by Pfizer Inc.