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A VLAN access control list (VACL) provides access control for all packets that are bridged within a VLAN or that are routed into or out of a VLAN. Unlike regular Cisco IOS access control lists that are configured on router interfaces and applied on routed packets only, VACLs apply to all packets.
A wildcard mask is a mask of bits that indicates which parts of an IP address are available for examination. In the Cisco IOS, [1] they are used in several places, for example: To indicate the size of a network or subnet for some routing protocols, such as OSPF. To indicate what IP addresses should be permitted or denied in access control lists ...
Cisco IP Communicator is a VoIP softphone software application. It can register with a Cisco Unified Communications Manager or Cisco Unified Communications Manager Express using either SIP or Cisco's proprietary Skinny Client Control Protocol.
For example, the U flag indicates that an IP route is up. filtering criteria: Access-control lists associated with the route; interface: Such as eth0 for the first Ethernet card, eth1 for the second Ethernet card, etc. Shown below is an example of what the table above could look like on a computer connected to the internet via a home router:
IP-in-IP IP in IP (encapsulation) RFC 2003: 0x05 5 ST Internet Stream Protocol: RFC 1190, RFC 1819: 0x06 6 TCP Transmission Control Protocol: RFC 793: 0x07 7 CBT Core-based trees: RFC 2189: 0x08 8 EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol: RFC 888: 0x09 9 IGP Interior gateway protocol (any private interior gateway, for example Cisco's IGRP) 0x0A 10 BBN-RCC-MON
Example of BUM in PBB-EVPN in the case of Dual home device and all-active load-balancing. Ethernet VPN (EVPN) and Provider Backbone Bridging EVPN (PBB-EVPN) provide Ethernet multipoint services over MPLS networks. In EVPN operations, the Provider Edge (PE) routers automatically discover each other when connected on the same Ethernet segment and ...
An example of router on a stick usage is found in Call Manager Express installation, when the Voice over IP network and Cisco IP phone devices have a need to split. [3] Enterprise networks implement this method of separating servers to prevent all users from ‘having equal access privilege to resources’.
The specific characteristics of routing protocols include the manner in which they avoid routing loops, the manner in which they select preferred routes, using information about hop costs, the time they require to reach routing convergence, their scalability, and other factors such as relay multiplexing and cloud access framework parameters.