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An example of planed lumber is softwood "two by four" lumber sold by large lumber retailers, nominally 2 by 4 inches (50 mm × 100 mm). The 2 × 4 is actually only 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (38 mm × 89 mm), but the dimensions for the lumber when purchased wholesale could still be represented as full 2 × 4 lumber, although the "standard ...
In 1961, at a meeting in Scottsdale, Arizona, the Committee on Grade Simplification and Standardization agreed to what is now the current U.S. standard: in part, the dressed size of a 1-inch (nominal) board was fixed at 3 ⁄ 4 inch; while the dressed size of 2 inch (nominal) lumber was reduced from 1 + 5 ⁄ 8 inch to the current 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 ...
Robinson's system called for standard 2×4 lumber, nailed together to form a sturdy, light skeleton. Builders were reluctant to adopt the new technology; however, by the 1880s, some form of 2×4 framing was standard. [25] Alternatively, a precursor to the balloon frame may have been used by the French in Missouri as much as 31 years earlier. [17]
In the United States, planks can be any length and are generally a minimum of 2×8 (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 7 + 1 ⁄ 4 in or 38 mm × 184 mm), but planks that are 2×10 (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 9 + 1 ⁄ 4 in or 38 mm × 235 mm) and 2×12 (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 11 + 1 ⁄ 4 in or 38 mm × 286 mm) are more commonly stocked by lumber retailers.
Typical dimensions of today's "two by four" is 1.5 by 3.5 inches (38 mm × 89 mm) dimensional lumber prior to sanding and are typically placed 16 inches (406 mm) from each other's center, but sometimes also at 12 inches (305 mm) or 24 inches (610 mm).
A "3 ⁄ 4-inch pipe" in the Nominal Pipe Size system has no dimensions that are exactly 0.75 inches. A screw thread has a number of dimensions required to assure proper function but is referred to by a nominal size and a thread design family, for example "1 ⁄ 4 inch, 20 threads per inch, Unified National Coarse."
The beams are continuously formed, so the length of the beam is limited only to the maximum length that can be handled and transported. Typical widths are 3 + 1 ⁄ 2, 5 + 1 ⁄ 4 or 7 inches (89, 133 or 178 mm); typical depths are 9 + 1 ⁄ 2, 11 + 7 ⁄ 8, 14, 16 and 18 inches (240, 300, 360, 410 and 460 mm). Typically the beams are made to a ...
The most common dimension is 1.2 by 2.4 metres (3 ft 11 in × 7 ft 10 in) or the slightly larger imperial dimension of 4 feet × 8 feet. Plies vary in thickness from 1.4 mm to 4.3 mm. The number of plies—which is always odd—depends on the thickness and grade of the sheet. Roofing can use the thinner 16-millimetre (5 ⁄ 8 in) plywood.
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