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Boron group. The boron group are the chemical elements in group 13 of the periodic table, consisting of boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl) and nihonium (Nh). This group lies in the p-block of the periodic table. The elements in the boron group are characterized by having three valence electrons. [1]
Boron is a component of neodymium magnets (Nd 2 Fe 14 B), which are among the strongest type of permanent magnet. These magnets are found in a variety of electromechanical and electronic devices, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) medical imaging systems, in compact and relatively small motors and actuators.
Boranes are chemical compounds of boron and hydrogen, with the generic formula of B x H y. These compounds do not occur in nature. Many of the boranes readily oxidise on contact with air, some violently. The parent member BH 3 is called borane, but it is known only in the gaseous state, and dimerises to form diborane, B 2 H 6.
The wurtzite form of boron nitride (w-BN; point group = C 6v; space group = P6 3 mc) has the same structure as lonsdaleite, a rare hexagonal polymorph of carbon. As in the cubic form, the boron and nitrogen atoms are grouped into tetrahedra. [6] In the wurtzite form, the boron and nitrogen atoms are grouped into 6-membered rings.
Organoboron chemistry or organoborane chemistry studies organoboron compounds, also called organoboranes. These chemical compounds combine boron and carbon; typically, they are organic derivatives of borane (BH 3), as in the trialkyl boranes. [1][2] Organoboranes and -borates enable many chemical transformations in organic chemistry — most ...
Isotopes of boron (5B) , the latter of which makes up about 80% of natural boron. There are 13 radioisotopes that have been discovered, with mass numbers from 7 to 21, all with short half-lives, the longest being that of 8. with a half-life of 20.20 (2) ms. All other isotopes have half-lives shorter than 17.35 ms.
Boron is a lustrous, barely reactive solid with a density 2.34 g/cm 3 (cf. aluminium 2.70), and is hard (MH 9.3) and brittle. It melts at 2076 °C (cf. steel ~1370 °C) and boils at 3927 °C. Boron has a complex rhombohedral crystalline structure (CN 5+). It is a semiconductor with a band gap of about 1.56 eV.
Borate. A borate is any of a range of boron oxyanions, anions containing boron and oxygen, such as orthoborate BO3− 3, metaborate BO− 2, or tetraborate B4O2− 7; or any salt of such anions, such as sodium metaborate, Na+[BO2]− and borax (Na+)2[B4O7]2−. The name also refers to esters of such anions, such as trimethyl borate B (OCH3)3 ...