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Providing security to aggregate data in wireless sensor networks is known as secure data aggregation in WSN. [60] [62] [63] were the first few works discussing techniques for secure data aggregation in wireless sensor networks. Two main security challenges in secure data aggregation are confidentiality and integrity of data.
Furthermore, it is the foundation of many other MAC protocols used in wireless sensor networks (WSN). [2] The IEEE 802.11 RTS/CTS mechanism is adopted from this protocol. [3] [4] It uses RTS-CTS-DS-DATA-ACK frame sequence for transferring data, sometimes preceded by an RTS-RRTS frame sequence, in view to provide solution to the hidden node ...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN / WSAN) are, generically, networks of low-power, low-cost devices that interconnect wirelessly to collect, exchange, and sometimes act-on data collected from their physical environments - "sensor networks". Nodes typically connect in a star or mesh topology.
WSN routing protocols provide the required functionality but cannot handle the high frequency of topology changes. Whereas, MANET routing protocols can deal with mobility in the network but they are designed for two way communication, which in sensor networks is often not required.
The ratio / is called the spreading factor or processing gain and determines to a certain extent the upper limit of the total number of users supported simultaneously by a base station. [1] [2] Generation of a CDMA signal. Each user in a CDMA system uses a different code to modulate their signal.
Apart from these, two other critical issues in WSN design are computational cost and hardware cost. Computational cost is the amount of computation done during these phases. Hardware cost is generally the cost of the memory and battery in each node. Keys may be generated randomly and then the nodes determine mutual connectivity. [3]
Energy cost is a major limitation for WSN requiring the need for energy efficient networks and processing. One of major energy costs in WSN is the energy spent on communication between nodes and it is sometimes desirable to only send data to a gateway node when an event of interest is triggered at a sensor. Sensors will then only open ...
The controller performs tasks, processes data and controls the functionality of other components in the sensor node. While the most common controller is a microcontroller, other alternatives that can be used as a controller are: a general purpose desktop microprocessor, digital signal processors, FPGAs and ASICs.