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Indigenous people of Costa Rica, or Native Costa Ricans, are the people who lived in what is now Costa Rica prior to European and African contact and the descendants of those peoples. About 114,000 indigenous people live in the country, comprising 2.4% of the total population. [ 1 ]
The Cacicazgo of Talamanca was a Costa Rican indigenous manor that existed prior to the Spanish conquest and during the colony. [1] It had borders on the north with the kingdom of Tariaca (current Valle de la Estrella), on the west with Chirripó and on the southeast with the river Changuinola, natural border with the Terbis.
Traditional grass hut in a Maleku outpost near La Fortuna, Costa Rica. The Maleku are an indigenous people of Costa Rica located in the Guatuso Indigenous Reserve near the town of Guatuso (San Rafael de Guatuso). Historically they were also known as the Guatuso, [1] the name used by Spanish settlers.
Typical settlement of the Diquis indigenous people before the arrival of Columbus.. The first indigenous peoples of Costa Rica were hunters and gatherers, and when the Spanish conquerors arrived, Costa Rica was divided in two distinct cultural areas due to its geographical location in the Intermediate Area, between Mesoamerican and the Andean cultures, with influences of both cultures.
Nicoyan pottery. Mesoamerican-style Nicoyan pottery at the Los Angeles Art Museum. Ceremonial Nicoyan metate. The Kingdom of Nicoya (from Nahuatl: Nekok Yaotl), also called Cacicazgo or Lordship of Nicoya, was an indigenous nation that comprised much of the territory of the current Guanacaste Province, in the North Pacific of Costa Rica.
Today the Bribri and Cabécar indigenous groups are known collectively as the Talamanca.The term Talamanca is not indigenous; it was adopted in the early 17th century from the Spanish town of Santiago de Talamanca as an umbrella designation for the aboriginal groups living between the current Costa Rican-Panamian border and the Río Coen in Costa Rica.
The Huetares are an important indigenous group of Costa Rica, who in the mid-16th century lived in the center of what is now the country. [1] They are also mentioned with the name of güetares or pacacuas. Huetares were the most powerful and best-organized indigenous nation in Costa Rica upon the arrival of the Spaniards. [2]
The pre-Columbian history of Costa Rica extends from the establishment of the first settlers until the arrival of Christopher Columbus to the Americas. Archaeological evidence allows us to date the arrival of the first humans to Costa Rica to between 7000 and 10,000 BC. By the second millennium BC sedentary farming communities already existed.