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  2. History of research into the origin of life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_research_into...

    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. Traditional religion attributed the origin of life to deities who created the natural world. Spontaneous generation, the first naturalistic theory of abiogenesis, goes back to Aristotle and ancient Greek philosophy, and continued to have support in Western scholarship until the 19th century. [15]

  3. Humberto Maturana - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humberto_Maturana

    Humberto Maturana Romesín (September 14, 1928 – May 6, 2021) was a Chilean biologist and philosopher.Many consider him a member of a group of second-order cybernetics theoreticians such as Heinz von Foerster, Gordon Pask, Herbert Brün and Ernst von Glasersfeld, but in fact he was a biologist, scientist.

  4. Regenerative design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerative_design

    The word permaculture originally referred to "permanent agriculture", [10] [11] but was expanded to stand also for "permanent culture", as it was understood that social aspects were integral to a truly sustainable system as inspired by Masanobu Fukuoka's natural farming philosophy. Regenerative design is integral to permaculture design.

  5. Eternal return - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eternal_return

    Eternal return (or eternal recurrence) is a philosophical concept which states that time repeats itself in an infinite loop, and that exactly the same events will continue to occur in exactly the same way, over and over again, for eternity.

  6. Spontaneous generation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spontaneous_generation

    Spontaneous generation is a superseded scientific theory that held that living creatures could arise from nonliving matter and that such processes were commonplace and regular. It was hypothesized that certain forms, such as fleas , could arise from inanimate matter such as dust, or that maggots could arise from dead flesh.

  7. Palingenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palingenesis

    Palingenesis (/ ˌ p æ l ɪ n ˈ dʒ ɛ n ə s ɪ s /; also palingenesia) is a concept of rebirth or re-creation, used in various contexts in philosophy, theology, politics, and biology. Its meaning stems from Greek palin, meaning 'again', and genesis, meaning 'birth'.

  8. Philosophy of science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_science

    Philosophy of science is the branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science.Amongst its central questions are the difference between science and non-science, the reliability of scientific theories, and the ultimate purpose and meaning of science as a human endeavour.

  9. Lebensphilosophie - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebensphilosophie

    Actualism: according to the philosophy of life, reality lacks any form of stability and must instead be understood as a continuous process of change, movement, becoming and life. Irrationalism: the philosophy of life also has its own philosophy of science in which a general aversion to reasonable laws, concepts and logical deductions applies ...