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3 exist in aqueous solutions subjected to pressures of multiple gigapascals (tens of thousands of atmospheres) in planetary interiors. [ 17 ] [ 18 ] Pressures of 0.6–1.6 GPa at 100 K , and 0.75–1.75 GPa at 300 K are attained in the cores of large icy satellites such as Ganymede , Callisto , and Titan , where water and carbon dioxide are ...
When the acidic medium in question is a dilute aqueous solution, the is approximately equal to the pH value, which is a negative logarithm of the concentration of aqueous + in solution. The pH of a simple solution of an acid in water is determined by both K a {\displaystyle K_{{\ce {a}}}} and the acid concentration.
The bicarbonate ion (hydrogencarbonate ion) is an anion with the empirical formula HCO − 3 and a molecular mass of 61.01 daltons; it consists of one central carbon atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement, with a hydrogen atom attached to one of the oxygens.
For interstitial solid solutions, the Hume-Rothery Rules are: Solute atoms should have a smaller radius than 59% of the radius of solvent atoms. [5] [6] The solute and solvent should have similar electronegativity. [7] Valency factor: two elements should have the same valence.
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
A carbonate is a salt of carbonic acid, (H 2 CO 3), [2] characterized by the presence of the carbonate ion, a polyatomic ion with the formula CO 2− 3.The word "carbonate" may also refer to a carbonate ester, an organic compound containing the carbonate group O=C(−O−) 2.
A solution describes a homogeneous mixture where the dispersed particles will not settle if the solution is left undisturbed for a prolonged period of time. A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture where the dispersed particles have at least in one direction a dimension roughly between 1 nm and 1 μm or that in a system discontinuities are found at ...
A cation can be a conjugate acid, and an anion can be a conjugate base, depending on which substance is involved and which acid–base theory is used. The simplest anion which can be a conjugate base is the free electron in a solution whose conjugate acid is the atomic hydrogen.