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Trichophagia is a form of disordered eating in which persons with the disorder suck on, chew, swallow, or otherwise eat hair. [1] The term is derived from ancient Greek θρίξ, thrix ("hair") and φαγεῖν, phagein ("to eat"). [ 2 ]
Rapunzel syndrome is an extremely rare intestinal condition in humans resulting from ingesting hair (trichophagia). [1] [2] The syndrome is named after the long-haired girl Rapunzel in the fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm. Trichophagia is sometimes associated with the hair-pulling disorder trichotillomania. [3]
Although no broad-based population epidemiologic studies had been conducted as of 2009, the lifetime prevalence of trichotillomania is estimated to be between 0.6% and 4.0% of the overall population. [3] With a 1% prevalence rate, 2.5 million people in the U.S. may have trichotillomania at some time during their lifetimes. [50]
Two studies of adults with intellectual disabilities living in institutions found that 21.8% [40] and 25.8% [41] of these groups had pica. [42] Prevalence rates for children are unknown. [42] [43] Young children commonly place non-nutritious material into their mouths. This activity occurs in 75% of 12-month-old infants, and 15% of two- to ...
Epidemiological (and other observational) studies typically highlight associations between exposures and outcomes, rather than causation. While some consider this a limitation of observational research, epidemiological models of causation (e.g. Bradford Hill criteria) [7] contend that an entire body of evidence is needed before determining if an association is truly causal. [8]
Bradford Hill's criteria had been widely accepted as useful guidelines for investigating causality in epidemiological studies but their value has been questioned because they have become somewhat outdated. [5] In addition, their method of application is debated. [citation needed] Some proposed options how to apply them include:
Thirty seven percent of childern who have Trichophagia and Trichotillamania have a chance of forming trichobezoar. Some of the side affects are loss of hair, stomach growth and vomiting." The citation for this article looks correct, but you could add the date the article was written and revised ("Received May 27, 2004; revision received Oct. 8 ...
Environment-wide association study; Environmental epidemiology; Enzootic; EpiData; Epidemic Intelligence Service; Epidemic models on lattices; Epidemics Act; Epidemiological method; Epidemiological transition; Epidemiology data for low-linear energy transfer radiation; Epidemiology in Country Practice; Epidemiology in Relation to Air Travel ...