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A DNA sequencer is a scientific instrument used to automate the DNA sequencing process. Given a sample of DNA , a DNA sequencer is used to determine the order of the four bases: G ( guanine ), C ( cytosine ), A ( adenine ) and T ( thymine ).
In 2007, Applied Biosystems started selling a new type of sequencer called SOLiD System. [58] The technology allowed users to sequence 60 gigabases per run. [59] In June 2009, Illumina announced that they were launching their own Personal Full Genome Sequencing Service at a depth of 30× for $48,000 per genome.
The use of DNA sequencing has also led to the development of new forensic techniques, such as DNA phenotyping, which allows investigators to predict an individual's physical characteristics based on their genetic data. In addition to its applications in forensic science, DNA sequencing has also been used in medical research and diagnosis.
Phred quality scores have become widely accepted to characterize the quality of DNA sequences, and can be used to compare the efficacy of different sequencing methods. Perhaps the most important use of Phred quality scores is the automatic determination of accurate, quality-based consensus sequences.
Over 30 publications exist describing its use first for nucleosome positioning from Valouev et al., [1] transcriptional profiling or strand sensitive RNA-Seq with Cloonan et al., [2] single cell transcriptional profiling with Tang et al. [3] and ultimately human resequencing with McKernan et al. [4]
Scala is a freeware software application with versions supporting Windows, macOS, and Linux.It allows users to create and archive musical scales, analyze and transform them with built-in theoretical tools, play them with an on-screen keyboard or from an external MIDI keyboard, and export them to hardware and software synthesizers.
GTK Wave Cleaner (formerly GNOME Wave Cleaner) is a digital audio editor application. The graphical user interface for the editor has been produced employing GTK+ for the GUI widgets. Its primary author is Jeff Welty. GTK Wave Cleaner is free and open-source software subject to the terms of the GPL-2.0-or-later.
GNOME Calculator, formerly known as gcalctool, is the software calculator integrated with the GNOME desktop environment. It is programmed in C and Vala and part of ...