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  2. Fundamental Review of the Trading Book - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_Review_of_the...

    The FRTB revisions address deficiencies relating to the existing [8] Standardised approach and Internal models approach [9] and particularly revisit the following: . The boundary between the "trading book" and the "banking book": [10] i.e. assets intended for active trading; as opposed to assets expected to be held to maturity, usually customer loans, and deposits from retail and corporate ...

  3. Expected shortfall - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expected_shortfall

    Expected shortfall (ES) is a risk measure—a concept used in the field of financial risk measurement to evaluate the market risk or credit risk of a portfolio. The "expected shortfall at q% level" is the expected return on the portfolio in the worst % of cases.

  4. Basel III - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basel_III

    Basel III requires banks to have a minimum CET1 ratio (Common Tier 1 capital divided by risk-weighted assets (RWAs)) at all times of: . 4.5%; Plus: A mandatory "capital conservation buffer" or "stress capital buffer requirement", equivalent to at least 2.5% of risk-weighted assets, but could be higher based on results from stress tests, as determined by national regulators.

  5. Coherent risk measure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherent_risk_measure

    The average value at risk (sometimes called expected shortfall or conditional value-at-risk or ) is a coherent risk measure, even though it is derived from Value at Risk which is not. The domain can be extended for more general Orlitz Hearts from the more typical Lp spaces .

  6. Standardized approach (counterparty credit risk) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardized_approach...

    The framework replaced both non-internal model approaches: the Current Exposure Method (CEM) and the Standardised Method (SM). It is intended to be a "risk-sensitive methodology", i.e. conscious of asset class and hedging , that differentiates between margined and non-margined trades and recognizes netting benefits ; considerations ...

  7. Internal ratings-based approach (credit risk) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_Ratings-Based...

    In this approach, banks calculate their own risk parameters subject to meeting some minimum guidelines. However, the foundation approach is not available for Retail exposures. For equity exposures, calculation of risk-weighted assets not held in the trading book can be calculated using two different ways: a PD/LGD approach or a market-based ...

  8. Standardized approach (credit risk) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardized_approach...

    The Basel II accord proposes to permit banks a choice between two broad methodologies for calculating their capital requirements for credit risk. The other alternative is based on internal ratings . Reforms to the standardised approach to credit risk are due to be introduced under the Basel III: Finalising post-crisis reforms .

  9. Tail value at risk - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tail_value_at_risk

    Under some formulations, it is only equivalent to expected shortfall when the underlying distribution function is continuous at ⁡ (), the value at risk of level . [2] Under some other settings, TVaR is the conditional expectation of loss above a given value, whereas the expected shortfall is the product of this value with the probability of ...