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Precipitating factors: event(s) must occur that act as the proverbial spark that ignites the flame of action. Mobilization for action: participants must have a network and organization that allows them to take collective action. Operation (failure) of social control: authorities either will or will not react.
These factors are classified as 1) predisposing, 2) enabling, and 3) reinforcing factors. [2] [3] Predisposing factors are any characteristics of a person or population that motivate behavior prior to or during the occurrence of that behavior. [2] They include an individual's knowledge, beliefs, values, and attitudes.
Analyses that address the independent or synergistic effects of individual or contextual risk factors are often of interest. [4] Understanding the origins of health disparities and identifying strategies to eliminate health disparities is a major focus of social epidemiology. [citation needed]
Causality, within sociology, has been the subject of epistemological debates, particularly concerning the external validity of research findings; one factor driving the tenuous nature of causation within social research is the wide variety of potential "causes" that can be attributed to a particular phenomena.
Proximate causation explains biological function in terms of immediate physiological or environmental factors. Example: a female animal chooses to mate with a particular male during a mate choice trial. A possible proximate explanation states that one male produced a more intense signal, leading to elevated hormone levels in the female ...
Most systems of formulation contain the following broad categories of information: symptoms and problems; precipitating stressors or events; predisposing life events or stressors; and an explanatory mechanism that links the preceding categories together and offers a description of the precipitants and maintaining influences of the person's ...
The diathesis–stress model [23] emphasizes the importance of applying multiple causality to psychopathology, by stressing that disorders are caused by both precipitating causes, and predisposing causes. A precipitating cause is an immediate trigger that instigates a person's action or behavior. A predisposing cause is an underlying factor ...
Ecosocial Theory could also help us examine how these social forces and pathways become embodied and incorporated into the physiological outcome of obesity over the lifecourse, for example by looking at dietary patterns during pregnancy and how this affects risk of obesity to the fetus as it ages and grows into an adult with an altered ...