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The Hittite Empire at its greatest extent under Suppiluliuma I (c.1350–1322 BC) and Mursili II (c.1321–1295 BC) showing cities and towns.. Asia portal; The geography of the Hittite Empire is inferred from Hittite texts on the one hand, and from archaeological excavation on the other.
They were the successors of the Hittite Kingdom. The most notable Syro-Hittite kingdoms were those at Carchemish and Melid. With the ruling family in Carchemish believed to have been a cadet branch of the then defunct central ruling Hittite line. These Syro-Hittite states gradually fell under the control of the Neo-Assyrian Empire (911–608 BC).
The Hattusa Green Stone is a roughly cubic block of nephrite standing in the remains of the Great Temple at Hattusa, capital of the Hittites in the late Bronze Age. Now on the hill above Boğazkale , in the Turkish Province of Çorum , Hattusa is a World Heritage Site .
Hattusa, also Hattuşa, Ḫattuša, Hattusas, or Hattusha, was the capital of the Hittite Empire in the late Bronze Age during two distinct periods. Its ruins lie near modern Boğazkale, Turkey, (originally Boğazköy) within the great loop of the Kızılırmak River (Hittite: Marashantiya; Greek: Halys).
This was a holy site for the Hittites, located within walking distance of the gates of the city of Hattusa. It had two main chambers formed inside a group of rock outcrops. Access to the roofless chambers were controlled by gateway and building structures built right in front of them, however only the foundations of those structures survived today.
The reliefs that survive are often located near roads, and in mountainous terrain (over 1000 meters elevation) overlooking plains. They are often near sites with sacred significance both before and after the Hittite period, such as sacred springs , "linking the [Hittite] state's official discourse with the divine beings of [those] places ...
The city of Zalpa was formerly equated by scholars with Zalpuwa in Anatolia, located to the north of Ḫattuša near the Black Sea. But the Zalpa mentioned in the Annals of Hattusili I has now been proposed as being at the site of Tilmen Höyük, in the Karasu River Valley south of the Taurus Mountains , which had a palace and temple that were ...
The Arzawa lands were fully subjugated by the Hittites around 1300 BC, after an unsuccessful rebellion. When Mursili II ascended to the Hittite throne, much of Anatolia erupted into rebellion. At this time, Uhha-Ziti ruled Arzawa Minor, the epicenter of the broader Arzawa confederation.