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Commensalistic relationships between microorganisms include situations in which the waste product of one microorganism is a substrate for another species. One good example is nitrification-the oxidation of ammonium ion to nitrate .
Commensal relationships may involve one organism using another for transportation or for housing (inquilinism), or it may also involve one organism using something another created, after its death . Examples of metabiosis are hermit crabs using gastropod shells to protect their bodies, and spiders building their webs on plants.
Phoresis or phoresy is a temporary commensalistic relationship when an organism (a phoront or phoretic) attaches itself to a host organism solely for travel. [2] It has been seen in ticks and mites since the 18th century, [ 3 ] and in fossils 320 million years old. [ 2 ]
For instance, barnacles on whales is an example of an ectosymbiotic relationship where the whale provides the barnacle with a home, a ride, and access to food. The whale is not harmed, but it also does not receive any benefits so this is also an example of commensalism. An example of ectosymbiotic bacteria is cutibacterium acnes. These bacteria ...
An additional ectosymbiotic example of commensalism is the relationship between small sessile organisms and echinoids in the Southern ocean, where the echinoids provide substrate for the small organisms to grow and the echinoids remain unaffected. [8] Branchiobdellid annelids are mutualistic parasites.
Demodex folliculorum is a microscopic mite that can survive only on the skin of humans. [2] [3] Most people have D. folliculorum on their skin.Usually, the mites do not cause any harm, so are considered an example of commensalism rather than parasitism; [4] but they can cause disease, known as demodicosis.
In real life, however, Baez had gone to Gerde's specifically to see Dylan. "Somebody said, 'Oh, you've gotta come down and hear this guy, he's terrific,'" Baez told Rolling Stone in 1983 .
Commensalism is an interaction in which one species benefits and the other species is unaffected. Epiphytes (plants growing on other plants, usually trees) have a commensal relationship with their host plant because the epiphyte benefits in some way ( e.g. , by escaping competition with terrestrial plants or by gaining greater access to ...