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After the Indonesian proclamation of independence, Hizbullah fought to defend the sovereignty of the newly established Indonesia alongside the military and other laskar's, until the entire Indonesian armed forces were merged into the Indonesian National Army in 1947.
Throughout Indonesia: 500,000–1,000,000+ Massacre of the members of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) and alleged communist sympathizers in revenge for the 30 September Movement. East Timor genocide: 1975–1999 East Timor (then under Indonesian occupation as the East Timor Province) 100,000–300,000
Indonesia was supported materially and diplomatically by the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom, who regarded Indonesia as an anti-communist ally. Following the 1998 resignation of Suharto , the people of East Timor voted overwhelmingly for independence in a UN-sponsored referendum held on 30 August 1999.
Aestheticization of politics; Anti-communism; Anti-intellectualism; Anti-liberalism; Anti-pacifism; Blood and soil; Chauvinism; Class collaboration; Conspiracism
The Battle of Surabaya (Indonesian: Pertempuran Surabaya) was a major battle in the Indonesian National Revolution fought between regular infantry and militia of the Indonesian nationalist movement and British and British Indian troops against the re-imposition of Dutch colonial rule.
Hill, Hal (1994) in Indonesia's New Order: The Dynamics of Socio-economic Transformation (Ed, Hal Hill), Allen & Unwin, Australia, ISBN 1-86373-229-2 pp56–57 "Indonesia: Arrests, torture and intimidation: The Government's response to its critics". Amnesty International. 27 November 1996. Archived from the original on 9 November 2005.
Some party members were outside Indonesia at the time of the 30 September events; a sizeable delegation had traveled to the People's Republic of China to participate in the anniversary celebration of the Chinese Revolution. Others had left Indonesia to study in Eastern Europe, particularly Albania. Although the party apparatus continued to ...
Large-scale killings and civil unrest primarily targeting members and supposed sympathizers of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) were carried out in Indonesia from 1965 to 1966. Other affected groups included alleged communist sympathisers, Gerwani women, trade unionists , [ 15 ] ethnic Javanese Abangan , [ 2 ] ethnic Chinese , atheists ...