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A financial audit is conducted to provide an opinion whether " financial statements " (the information is verified to the extent of reasonable assurance granted) are stated in accordance with specified criteria. Normally, the criteria are international accounting standards, although auditors may conduct audits of financial statements prepared ...
The United States federal government and most state governments impose an income tax. They are determined by applying a tax rate, which may increase as income increases, to taxable income, which is the total income less allowable deductions. Income is broadly defined. Individuals and corporations are directly taxable, and estates and trusts may ...
For federal income tax purposes, the doctrine of constructive receipt is used to determine when a cash-basis taxpayer has received gross income. [1] A taxpayer is subject to tax in the current year if he or she has unfettered control in determining when items of income will or should be paid. [2] Unlike actual receipt, constructive receipt does ...
So, for example, a couple may have itemized deductions of $20,000 and decide that they want to establish a fund with a $50,000 contribution and reap the additional tax deduction.
Legal liability of certified public accountants. Whether providing services as an accountant or auditor, a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) owes a duty of care to the client and third parties who foreseeably rely on the accountant's work. [1] Accountants can be sued for negligence or malpractice in the performance of their duties, and for fraud.
Circular 230 contains rules of conduct in preparing tax returns. [14] Persons preparing tax returns must not: Take a position on a tax return unless there is a realistic possibility of the position being sustained on its merits. Frivolous tax return positions are prohibited. Unreasonably delay prompt disposition of any matter before the IRS.
The concept of materiality is applied by the auditor both in planning and performing the audit, and in evaluating the effect of identified misstatements on the audit and of uncorrected misstatements, if any, on the financial statements and in forming the opinion in the auditor’s report. [11]
If qualified by the court, then the expert may testify "in the form of an opinion or otherwise" so long as: "(1) the testimony is based upon sufficient facts or data, (2) the testimony is the product of reliable principles and methods, and (3) the witness has applied the principles and methods reliably to the facts of the case."