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Babylonia (/ ˌ b æ b ɪ ˈ l oʊ n i ə /; Akkadian: 𒆳𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠, māt Akkadī) was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in the city of Babylon in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq and parts of Syria and Iran).
The Neo-Babylonian Empire under the rule of Nebuchadnezzar II occupied the Kingdom of Judah between 597–586 BCE and destroyed the First Temple in Jerusalem. [2] According to the Hebrew Bible, the last king of Judah, Zedekiah, was forced to watch his sons put to death, then his own eyes were put out and he was exiled to Babylon (2 Kings 25).
Between the 3rd and 7th centuries, estimates indicate that the Babylonian Jewish community numbered approximately one million, which may have been the largest Jewish diaspora population of the time, possibly outnumbering those in the Land of Israel. [76] Palestine and Babylon were both great centers of Jewish scholarship during this time, but ...
The name Israel first appears in the stele of the Egyptian pharaoh Merneptah around 1209 BC. [51] This "Israel" was a cultural and probably political entity of the central highlands, well enough established to be perceived by the Egyptians as a possible challenge to their hegemony, but an ethnic group rather than an organised state. [52]
The ethnic stock to which Jews originally trace their ancestry was a confederation of Iron Age Semitic-speaking tribes known as the Israelites that inhabited a part of Canaan during the tribal and monarchic periods. [93] Modern Jews are named after and also descended from the southern Israelite Kingdom of Judah.
Oldest continuously inhabited state capital in the US 1608: Québec: Quebec: Canada Originally settled by Jacques Cartier in 1535, who abandoned it in 1536. He returned in 1541, but abandoned the site again. Samuel de Champlain established a permanent settlement on July 3–4, 1608. Only completely-garrison-walled city north of Mexico 1610: Cupids
[323] [324] [325] On 26 May Nasser declared, "The battle will be a general one and our basic objective will be to destroy Israel". [326] Israel considered the Straits of Tiran closure a Casus belli. Egypt, Syria, Jordan and Iraq signed defence pacts and Iraqi troops began deploying to Jordan, Syria and Egypt. [327]
The name "Israel" first appears in the Merneptah Stele c. 1208 BCE: "Israel is laid waste and his seed is no more." [25] This "Israel" was a cultural and probably political entity, well enough established for the Egyptians to perceive it as a possible challenge, but an ethnic group rather than an organized state. [26]