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The border area is the area immediately adjacent to the border of a country. In addition to the informal definition, a border area may have a legal definition and ...
Border trade, in general, refers to the flow of goods and services across the border between different jurisdictions. In this sense, border trade is a part of the normal trade that flows through the ordinary export/import legal and logistical frameworks of nations and smaller jurisdictions.
Political borders can be established through warfare, colonization, or mutual agreements between the political entities that reside in those areas. [1] Some borders—such as most states' internal administrative borders, or inter-state borders within the Schengen Area—are open and completely unguarded. [2]
An international zone is any area not fully subject to the border control policies of the state in which it is located. There are several types of international zones ranging from special economic zones and sterile zones at ports of entry exempt from customs rules to concessions over which administration is ceded to one or more foreign states.
A free trade area is the region encompassing a trade bloc whose member countries have signed a free trade agreement (FTA). Such agreements involve cooperation between at least two countries to reduce trade barriers, import quotas and tariffs, and to increase trade of goods and services with each other.
For example, there are border checks between the Schengen Area portions of the EU customs territory and those portions in the Common Travel Area formed by the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies, and Ireland [citation needed]. Another example is the border checks between Israel and the Palestinian Territories, which are in a customs union.
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Cross-border cooperation is the collaboration between adjacent areas across borders. In the European Union this is one of the forms of territorial cooperation (in addition to transnational and interregional cooperation).