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The main focus of her research lab includes evaluating eyewitness identification evidence in regards to legal professionals and how it can influence wrongful convictions. [1] Along with teaching and running a research lab, Smalarz is an Editorial Board member for multiple psychological journals including Law and Human Behavior ; Psychology ...
In eyewitness identification, in criminal law, evidence is received from a witness "who has actually seen an event and can so testify in court". [1]The Innocence Project states that "Eyewitness misidentification is the single greatest cause of wrongful convictions nationwide, playing a role in more than 75% of convictions overturned through DNA testing."
Douglass's research focuses on eyewitness testimony. As a graduate student she worked with Gary Wells in discovering a well know effect called the Post Identification-Feedback effect. [6] This is when information (confirming-feedback or disconfirming-feedback) given to the witness post the identification of the suspect distorts the witnesses ...
Eyewitness memory is a person's episodic memory for a crime or other witnessed dramatic event. [1] Eyewitness testimony is often relied upon in the judicial system.It can also refer to an individual's memory for a face, where they are required to remember the face of their perpetrator, for example. [2]
Reinstatement is thought to improve recall as it provides memory retrieval cues. Research has demonstrated that pairing faces of suspects or words with contextual cues at the scene of the crime will enhance performance on recognition tasks. [21] [22] Therefore, it seems practical that these results can be applied to eyewitness identification.
In arguments last year, the group said Whitehead should be granted a new trial based on advances in eyewitness identification sciences, Brady violations by the Memphis Police Department and ...
Research has shown that mock juries are often unable to distinguish between a false and accurate eyewitness testimony. "Jurors" often appear to correlate the confidence level of the witness with the accuracy of their testimony. An overview of this research by Laub and Bornstein shows this to be an inaccurate gauge of accuracy. [7]
Research involving adults and the use of the cognitive interview have found that there is accuracy in correct recall of details using the CI . [20] In one successful study, witnesses were asked to draw a detailed sketch of what they witnessed while conversing, which proved to be as effective as asking witnesses to mentally reinstate context. [ 20 ]