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The Dayak (/ ˈ d aɪ. ə k / ⓘ; older spelling: Dajak) or Dyak or Dayuh are one of the native groups of Borneo. [4] It is a loose term for over 200 riverine and hill-dwelling ethnic groups, located principally in the central and southern interior of Borneo, each with its own dialect, customs, laws, territory, and culture, although common distinguishing traits are readily identifiable.
The Iban people of Borneo possess an indigenous account of their history, mostly in oral literature, [8] partly in writing in papan turai (wooden records), and partly in common cultural customary practices. [9] According to native myths and legends, they historically came from Kapuas river in Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo).
Bisaya is an indigenous people from the northwest coast of East Malaysia on the island of Borneo.Their population is concentrated around Beaufort as well as Kuala Penyu districts of southern Sabah (in which they are counted under the Kadazan-Dusun group of peoples), Labuan Federal Territory and in Limbang District, Sarawak (in which they are grouped under the Orang Ulu designation).
The Chinese residents in Borneo, especially with the Sino-Japanese War in Mainland China mostly resisted the Japanese occupation. [108] Following the formation of resistance movements in northern Borneo such as the Jesselton Revolt, many innocent indigenous and Chinese people were executed by the Japanese for their alleged involvement. [109]
Bidayuh is the collective name for several indigenous groups found in southern Sarawak, Malaysia and northern West Kalimantan, Indonesia, on the island of Borneo, which are broadly similar in language and culture (see also issues below).
For the forest people of Borneo, like other native tribes, such plants and animals are also viewed as sacred, as the embodiment of powerful spirits and deities. [15] Thus, the Penan made numerous verbal and written complaints to the logging companies and local government officials.
The Lun Bawang (formerly known as Trusan Murut and Mengalong Murut or Southern Murut) is an ethnic group found in Central Northern Borneo.They are indigenous to the southwest of Sabah (Interior Division including Labuan) and the northern region of Sarawak (Limbang Division), highlands of North Kalimantan (Long Bawan , Krayan, Malinau, Mentarang) and Brunei (Temburong District).
Dusun is the collective name of an indigenous ethnic group to the Malaysian state of Sabah of North Borneo.Collectively, they form the largest ethnic group in Sabah. The Dusun people have been internationally recognised as indigenous to Borneo since 2004 as per the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).